We further review animal and human studies that have begun to define etiological factors and individual differences in the propensity to become addicted to drugs, leading to the description of addiction endophenotypes, especially for cocaine addiction.
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addiction endophenotypes
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The review supports a model in which addiction progresses from voluntary recreational drug use to compulsive drug-seeking habits.
Quoted textsource-backed
A decade ago, we hypothesized that drug addiction can be viewed as a transition from voluntary, recreational drug use to compulsive drug-seeking habits...
Animal and human studies are described as identifying etiological factors and individual differences that contribute to addiction propensity, leading to addiction endophenotypes.
Quoted textsource-backed
We further review animal and human studies that have begun to define etiological factors and individual differences in the propensity to become addicted to drugs, leading to the description of addiction endophenotypes, especially for cocaine addiction.
The review considers novel treatments for addiction aimed at promoting abstinence from and reducing relapse to drug use.
Quoted textsource-backed
We consider the prospect of novel treatments for addiction that promote abstinence from and relapse to drug use.