First-pass extracted concept

cryptochrome

Candidate: concept label4 source documents7 linked claims

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Aliases

CRY1, CRY2, cryptochromes, CRYs, mammalian cryptochrome proteins

Extracted Explainers

What the tool is doing

The review discusses mammalian cryptochrome proteins CRY1 and CRY2 as candidate circadian photopigments. They are framed as possible mediators of light input to temporal biology rather than image-forming vision.

Source 4DOI PubMed

What problem it solves

They were proposed to explain how circadian photoentrainment could persist even when retinal degeneration causes visual blindness. This addresses the idea of a dedicated circadian photoreceptor distinct from rods and cones.

Source 4DOI PubMed

What it does not solve

The abstract explicitly says the available experimental evidence does not definitively show that cryptochromes are the basis of mammalian circadian photoreception.

Source 4DOI PubMed

Alternatives

The abstract contrasts cryptochrome with rod and cone photoreceptors by discussing the possibility of a distinct circadian photoreceptor.

Source 4DOI PubMed

Evidence Snippets

Three classes of flavoprotein photoreceptors, cryptochromes (CRYs), light-oxygen-voltage (LOV)-domain proteins, and blue light using FAD (BLUF)-domain proteins...

Evidence 1Source 1DOI PubMedprovenance

We summarize current knowledge of engineering of light-sensitive proteins including ... cryptochrome (CRY2)...

Evidence 2Source 2DOI PubMedprovenance

The supplied web research summary states that the review is a broad review of the photolyase/cryptochrome family.

Evidence 3Source 3DOI PubMedprovenance

The latest candidates to be put forward as potential circadian photopigments are the mammalian cryptochrome proteins (CRY1 and 2), putative vitamin-B2 based photopigments.

Evidence 4Source 4DOI PubMedprovenance

Supporting Sources

Source 1review2021Advances in experimental medicine and biologyDOI PubMed

1 evidence snippet 3 linked claims Claim 1 Claim 2 Claim 3

Source 2primary paper2020MEDDOI PubMed

1 evidence snippet 1 linked claim Claim 1

Source 3review2008Journal of Biological ChemistryDOI PubMed

1 evidence snippet 1 linked claim Claim 1

Source 4review1999Journal of Biological RhythmsDOI PubMed

1 evidence snippet 2 linked claims Claim 1 Claim 2

Linked Claims

Claim 1application summarysupports2021Source 1DOI PubMed

Mechanistic understanding of flavoprotein photoreceptor signaling has been exploited in numerous optogenetic tools.

Quoted textsource-backed

Accordingly, signaling activities of photoreceptors have been intensively studied and the related mechanisms have been exploited in numerous optogenetic tools.

Claim 2review scope summarysupports2021Source 1DOI PubMed

Cryptochromes, LOV-domain proteins, and BLUF-domain proteins are the three flavoprotein photoreceptor classes covered by this review.

Quoted textsource-backed

Three classes of flavoprotein photoreceptors, cryptochromes (CRYs), light-oxygen-voltage (LOV)-domain proteins, and blue light using FAD (BLUF)-domain proteins, have been identified

Claim 3review scope summarysupports2021Source 1DOI PubMed

This review summarizes current understanding of photoactivation mechanisms of flavoprotein photoreceptors and reviews their applications.

Quoted textsource-backed

Herein, we summarize the current understanding of photoactivation mechanisms of the flavoprotein photoreceptors and review their applications.

Claim 4review scopesupports2020Source 2DOI PubMed

The source summarizes engineering knowledge for LOV, CRY2, phytochrome systems including PhyB and BphP, and fluorescent-protein-based photosensitive domains including Dronpa and PhoCl.

Claim 5review scopesupports2008Source 3DOI PubMed

This review synthesizes the photolyase/cryptochrome family, including CPD photolyase, (6-4) photolyase, cryptochromes, and CRY-DASH.

Claim 6candidate rolesupports1999Source 4DOI PubMed

Mammalian cryptochrome proteins CRY1 and CRY2 have been proposed as candidate circadian photopigments.

Claim 7evidence statusmixed1999Source 4DOI PubMed

Published experimental evidence does not definitively demonstrate that cryptochrome proteins are the basis of circadian photoreception in mammals.