The review presents glioblastoma stem cells as a stem-like population at the apex of glioblastoma cellular hierarchy. They are discussed as functionally distinct from differentiated tumor progeny.
First-pass extracted concept
glioblastoma stem cells
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GSCs
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Evidence has grown that glioblastoma stem cells play important roles in tumor growth and response to therapy.
Glioblastoma stem cells are functionally defined and distinguished from differentiated tumor progeny at transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic regulatory levels.
Glioblastomas display cellular heterogeneity with glioblastoma stem cells at the apex of a tumor hierarchy.
Glioblastomas induce systemic immunosuppression and show mixed responses to oncoimmunologic modalities, suggesting response may be augmented by deeper consideration of glioblastoma stem cells.
The glioblastoma stem cell literature is complicated by frequent use of inferior cell lines and lack of proper functional analyses.
Purification and characterization of glioblastoma stem cells remain challenging.
No single therapeutic modality is likely to be universally effective against a heterogeneous glioblastoma stem cell population.