The studies summarised in this review illustrate the potential utility of histological techniques for conveniently screening representative samples of flukes in field trials designed to validate instances of drug resistance. Histology can also be used to test the efficacy of new products against known drug-resistant and drug-susceptible fluke isolates.
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histological screening of fluke reproductive structures for triclabendazole response and resistance validation
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The review interprets triclabendazole-triggered apoptosis in susceptible flukes as related to failure of spindle formation at cell division, supporting a microtubule-inhibition mechanism.
Examination of reproductive-structure histopathology may supplement and augment conventional coprological testing and aid interpretation of TEM findings.
Histological techniques can conveniently screen representative fluke samples in field trials to help validate suspected triclabendazole resistance and can test efficacy of new products against resistant and susceptible isolates.
In triclabendazole-sensitive but not triclabendazole-resistant Fasciola hepatica, reproductive tissues with active meiosis or mitosis show progressive cell loss and apoptosis-associated abnormalities after in vivo exposure to triclabendazole metabolites.