The review frames the microbiota–gut–brain axis as the interaction route through which gut microbiota influence the brain and neurodevelopment.
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microbiota-gut-brain axis
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gut-brain axis, microbiome-gut-brain axis, microbiota-gut-brain axis
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Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases
The gut microbiota has been found to interact with the brain through the microbiota-gut-brain axis, regulating various physiological processes.
The relationship between the gut microbiota and brain function through bidirectional communication, described as "the microbiome-gut-brain axis", is especially underlined.
The microbiota and the brain communicate with each other via various routes including the immune system, tryptophan metabolism, the vagus nerve and the enteric nervous system, involving microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, branched chain amino acids, and peptidoglycans.
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Linked Claims
The review focuses on therapeutic applications of the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases.
Quoted textsource-backed
Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases
The review states that studies have identified a role for the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Rett syndrome.
The review states that gut microbiota are commonly considered to regulate neurodevelopment through immune, neuronal, and endocrine/systemic pathways that overlap and crosstalk.
The review states that gut microbiota interact with the brain through the microbiota–gut–brain axis and regulate physiological processes.
The gut microbiota is associated not only with gastroenterological diseases but also with psychiatric disorders.
Communication between intestinal microbiota and the nervous system involves neurotransmitters, endocrine pathways, immunological mechanisms, and bacterial metabolites.
The review covers microbiota alterations and their reported results in the development of major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
The review states that recent work has implicated the gut microbiota in autism, anxiety, obesity, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease.
Quoted textsource-backed
Much recent work has implicated the gut microbiota in many conditions including autism, anxiety, obesity, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease.
The review identifies mechanistic understanding of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and microbial-based intervention and therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders as future priorities.
Quoted textsource-backed
Future studies will focus on understanding the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain axis and attempt to elucidate microbial-based intervention and therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders.
The review states that microbiota composition is shaped by early-life factors including infection, birth delivery mode, antibiotic use, nutrition, environmental stressors, and host genetics, and that microbial diversity diminishes with aging.
Quoted textsource-backed
Many factors can influence microbiota composition in early life, including infection, mode of birth delivery, use of antibiotic medications, the nature of nutritional provision, environmental stressors, and host genetics. At the other extreme of life, microbial diversity diminishes with aging.
The review describes the microbiota-gut-brain axis as a bidirectional communication system in which microbiota influence gut-brain function through immune, metabolic, vagal, and enteric nervous system routes.
Quoted textsource-backed
The microbiota and the brain communicate with each other via various routes including the immune system, tryptophan metabolism, the vagus nerve and the enteric nervous system, involving microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, branched chain amino acids, and peptidoglycans.
The review states that animal models have been important for linking microbiome activation of microglia to neural processes such as neurogenesis and myelination, while translational human studies are ongoing.
Quoted textsource-backed
Animal models have been paramount in linking the regulation of fundamental neural processes, such as neurogenesis and myelination, to microbiome activation of microglia. Moreover, translational human studies are ongoing and will greatly enhance the field.
The review states that stress can significantly impact the microbiota-gut-brain axis across the lifespan.
Quoted textsource-backed
Stress, in particular, can significantly impact the microbiota-gut-brain axis at all stages of life.