Nanotransducers are described as nanomaterial-based neural interfaces that modulate and interface with the neural system without physical wires. They convert remotely applied energy into neural modulation across multiple modalities.
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nanotransducers for wireless neuromodulation
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nanotransducers, wireless neuromodulation
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Nanomaterials are presented as a unique class of neural interfaces because of small size, remote coupling and conversion of different energy modalities, various delivery methods, and mitigated chronic immune responses.
The review compares nanotransduction techniques by invasiveness, spatiotemporal precision, cell-type specificity, brain penetration, and translation to large animals and humans.
Important future research areas include understanding the nanomaterials-brain interface, integrating sensing for bidirectional closed-loop neuromodulation, and developing genetically engineered functional materials for cell-type specific neuromodulation.
Nanotransducers are described as modulating brain activity through optogenetic, mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical modalities.
This source reviews recent advances in nanotransducers for modulating and interfacing with the neural system without physical wires.