NIR fluorescent proteins are probe outputs engineered from bacterial photoreceptor-related templates. The review frames them as imaging tools for mammalian cells and whole animals.
First-pass extracted concept
Near-infrared fluorescent proteins
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NIR FPs
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Near-infrared fluorescent proteins derived from these bacterial photoreceptor-related templates have imaging applications in live cells and in vivo, including mammalian cells and whole animals.
The review compares phenotypes of current BphP-based near-infrared fluorescent proteins with fluorescent proteins derived from cyanobacteriochromes and allophycocyanins.
Molecular evolution approaches are used to develop near-infrared fluorescent proteins and biosensors from bacterial photoreceptor templates.
The review provides guidelines for selecting existing near-infrared fluorescent proteins and for engineering new near-infrared fluorescent proteins from novel templates such as cyanobacteriochromes.
Bacterial phytochromes, some cyanobacteriochromes, and allophycocyanins are promising molecular templates for designing near-infrared fluorescent proteins and biosensors.