Recent advances in material science have resulted in great development of photosensitizers, such as rare metal nanostructures and black phosphorus nanoparticles, in order to respond to a variety of light sources.
First-pass extracted concept
photosensitizers
Candidate: concept label2 source documents8 linked claims
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Aliases
PS
Evidence Snippets
we will cover the possible reasons for the well-known tumor localizing properties of photosensitizers (PS).
Supporting Sources
Linked Claims
Hydrogels incorporating photosensitizers are important for clinical applications, and use of ultraviolet light, near-infrared light, and up-conversion nanoparticles has increased therapeutic effects.
Recent material advances have expanded photosensitizers, including rare metal nanostructures and black phosphorus nanoparticles, to respond to a variety of light sources.
Light-responsive hydrogels are formed by incorporating photosensitive moieties into polymeric structures.
Different photosensitizers can have very different pharmacokinetics, which can directly affect illumination parameters.
Quoted textsource-backed
Different PS can have very different pharmacokinetics and this can directly affect the illumination parameters.
Injected photosensitizers bind serum proteins, affecting pharmacokinetics and biodistribution.
Quoted textsource-backed
When PS are injected into the bloodstream they bind to various serum proteins and this can affect their phamacokinetics and biodistribution.
Intravenously injected photosensitizers transition through serum protein binding, endothelial binding, adventitial binding, extracellular matrix or tumor-cell binding, and then tumor clearance and excretion.
Quoted textsource-backed
Intravenously injected PS undergo a transition from being bound to serum proteins, then bound to endothelial cells, then bound to the adventitia of the vessels, then bound either to the extracellular matrix or to the cells within the tumor, and finally to being cleared from the tumor by lymphatics or blood vessels, and excreted either by the kidneys or the liver.
Photodynamic therapy can directly kill tumor cells by apoptosis or necrosis if the photosensitizer has been taken up by tumor cells.
Quoted textsource-backed
Direct tumor cell death by apoptosis or necrosis can occur if the PS has been allowed to be taken up by tumor cells.
The effect of photodynamic therapy on tumors depends on the stage of photosensitizer localization at which light is delivered.
Quoted textsource-backed
The effect of PDT on the tumor largely depends at which stage of this continuous process light is delivered.