This narrative review provides mechanistic insight into the biological link between smoking and/or chronic excess alcohol consumption, and increased risk of developing sarcopenia.
First-pass extracted concept
sarcopenia
Candidate: concept label1 source documents4 linked claims
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Linked Claims
The review states that behavioural change interventions and health policies targeting smoking and alcohol intake habits may mitigate the clinical and financial burden of sarcopenia.
The review states that chronic excess alcohol consumption may cause gut microbiota dysbiosis and autophagy-induced hyperammonemia, promoting muscle protein breakdown and reducing muscle protein synthesis through activation of myostatin, AMPK and REDD1 and deactivation of IGF-1.
The review states that smoking and chronic excess alcohol consumption are biologically linked to increased risk of sarcopenia, especially in the context of reduced caloric intake and energy deficit.
The review states that smoking may contribute to physical inactivity, energy deficit through reduced caloric intake, and increased systemic inflammation, factors known to suppress muscle protein synthesis rates.