Source 1review2022Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
Toolkit/adenovirus
adenovirus
Also known as: Ad, adenoviruses
Taxonomy: Mechanism Branch / Architecture. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.
Summary
Adenovirus is described here as a viral delivery harness used in optogenetic experiments to introduce genes encoding photosensitive proteins into specific neural regions. This delivery enables subsequent light-gated control of ion passage for neuronal activation or inhibition.
Usefulness & Problems
Why this is useful
The cited review presents adenoviral delivery as a way to place optogenetic actuators into defined neural regions so that light can modulate neuronal activity. Its utility in this context is the coupling of regional gene delivery with optical control of excitation or inhibition.
Problem solved
This tool helps solve the problem of delivering genes encoding photosensitive proteins to target neural regions for optogenetic manipulation. The supplied evidence does not provide further detail on targeting strategy, payload design, or comparative performance versus other vectors.
Taxonomy & Function
Primary hierarchy
Mechanism Branch
Architecture: A delivery strategy grouped with the mechanism branch because it determines how a system is instantiated and deployed in context.
Techniques
No technique tags yet.
Target processes
No target processes tagged yet.
Input: Light
Implementation Constraints
The available evidence indicates only that adenoviruses encode photosensitive proteins and are used for delivery to specific neural regions. No practical details are given on construct architecture, promoter choice, dosing, route of administration, host species, or required cofactors.
The evidence is limited to a brief review-level statement and does not specify adenoviral serotype, tropism, payload capacity, expression kinetics, or safety profile. It also does not independently separate effects of the delivery vehicle from the properties of the delivered photosensitive proteins.
Validation
Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication
Supporting Sources
Source 2primary paper2025MED
Ranked Claims
AAV-based gene therapy has achieved approved clinical use, including Luxturna for a genetic retinal disease.
including the approval of Luxturna for a genetic retinal disease
First-in-human dual AAV therapy for hereditary hearing loss showcased restoration of auditory function in patients.
has showcased the restoration of auditory function for patients
LNP and GalNAc non-viral vectors have led to successful gene therapy products.
non-viral vectors such as lipid nanoparticles (LNP) and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) have led to successful gene therapy products
Dual AAV therapy can overcome large gene delivery limitations.
the first-in-human dual AAV therapy for hereditary hearing loss, which overcomes large gene delivery
Lentiviral vectors, adenoviral vectors, and AAV are widely used viral vectors that have enabled notable preclinical and clinical successes in gene therapy over the past two decades.
Over the past two decades, three widely used viral vectors-lentiviruses (LV), adenoviruses (Ad), and adeno-associated viruses (AAV)-have enabled notable preclinical and clinical successes
Optogenetic approaches described in the review usually use adenoviral delivery of photosensitive proteins to specific neural regions, with light controlling ion passage to inhibit or activate neurons.
This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein. The adenovirus may concentrate in a specific neural region. By shining light on the target nerve region, the photosensitive protein encoded by the adenovirus is controlled. Photosensitive proteins controlled by light can selectively allow ions inside and outside the cell membrane to pass through, resulting in inhibition or activation effects.
Optogenetic approaches described in the review usually use adenoviral delivery of photosensitive proteins to specific neural regions, with light controlling ion passage to inhibit or activate neurons.
This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein. The adenovirus may concentrate in a specific neural region. By shining light on the target nerve region, the photosensitive protein encoded by the adenovirus is controlled. Photosensitive proteins controlled by light can selectively allow ions inside and outside the cell membrane to pass through, resulting in inhibition or activation effects.
Optogenetic approaches described in the review usually use adenoviral delivery of photosensitive proteins to specific neural regions, with light controlling ion passage to inhibit or activate neurons.
This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein. The adenovirus may concentrate in a specific neural region. By shining light on the target nerve region, the photosensitive protein encoded by the adenovirus is controlled. Photosensitive proteins controlled by light can selectively allow ions inside and outside the cell membrane to pass through, resulting in inhibition or activation effects.
Optogenetic approaches described in the review usually use adenoviral delivery of photosensitive proteins to specific neural regions, with light controlling ion passage to inhibit or activate neurons.
This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein. The adenovirus may concentrate in a specific neural region. By shining light on the target nerve region, the photosensitive protein encoded by the adenovirus is controlled. Photosensitive proteins controlled by light can selectively allow ions inside and outside the cell membrane to pass through, resulting in inhibition or activation effects.
Optogenetic approaches described in the review usually use adenoviral delivery of photosensitive proteins to specific neural regions, with light controlling ion passage to inhibit or activate neurons.
This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein. The adenovirus may concentrate in a specific neural region. By shining light on the target nerve region, the photosensitive protein encoded by the adenovirus is controlled. Photosensitive proteins controlled by light can selectively allow ions inside and outside the cell membrane to pass through, resulting in inhibition or activation effects.
Optogenetic approaches described in the review usually use adenoviral delivery of photosensitive proteins to specific neural regions, with light controlling ion passage to inhibit or activate neurons.
This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein. The adenovirus may concentrate in a specific neural region. By shining light on the target nerve region, the photosensitive protein encoded by the adenovirus is controlled. Photosensitive proteins controlled by light can selectively allow ions inside and outside the cell membrane to pass through, resulting in inhibition or activation effects.
Optogenetic approaches described in the review usually use adenoviral delivery of photosensitive proteins to specific neural regions, with light controlling ion passage to inhibit or activate neurons.
This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein. The adenovirus may concentrate in a specific neural region. By shining light on the target nerve region, the photosensitive protein encoded by the adenovirus is controlled. Photosensitive proteins controlled by light can selectively allow ions inside and outside the cell membrane to pass through, resulting in inhibition or activation effects.
Approval Evidence
2 sources2 linked approval claimsfirst-pass slugs adenoviral-vector, adenovirus
Over the past two decades, three widely used viral vectors-lentiviruses (LV), adenoviruses (Ad), and adeno-associated viruses (AAV)-have enabled notable preclinical and clinical successes
Source:
This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein.
Source:
utility overviewsupports
Lentiviral vectors, adenoviral vectors, and AAV are widely used viral vectors that have enabled notable preclinical and clinical successes in gene therapy over the past two decades.
Over the past two decades, three widely used viral vectors-lentiviruses (LV), adenoviruses (Ad), and adeno-associated viruses (AAV)-have enabled notable preclinical and clinical successes
Source:
mechanism summarysupports
Optogenetic approaches described in the review usually use adenoviral delivery of photosensitive proteins to specific neural regions, with light controlling ion passage to inhibit or activate neurons.
This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein. The adenovirus may concentrate in a specific neural region. By shining light on the target nerve region, the photosensitive protein encoded by the adenovirus is controlled. Photosensitive proteins controlled by light can selectively allow ions inside and outside the cell membrane to pass through, resulting in inhibition or activation effects.
Source:
Comparisons
Source-backed strengths
The source supports use of adenoviruses for introducing photosensitive proteins into specific neural regions in optogenetic workflows. It also links this delivery to functional light-controlled ion passage that can inhibit or activate neurons, but no quantitative performance data are provided.
Ranked Citations
- 1.
- 2.