Source 1primary paper2021International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Toolkit/carbon nanoparticles
carbon nanoparticles
Also known as: carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles
Taxonomy: Mechanism Branch / Architecture. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.
Summary
Carbon nanoparticles, particularly carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles, were developed as a photoactivatable nanoCRISPR/Cas9 delivery harness in which photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides are immobilized on the nanoparticle surface to reversibly block crRNA. UV irradiation at 365 nm cleaves the blocking oligonucleotides, releases crRNA, and restores Cas9 editing activity.
Usefulness & Problems
Why this is useful
This system provides light-gated control over CRISPR/Cas9 activity by keeping crRNA inactive until irradiation. It is useful for applications requiring temporal regulation of genome editing through an externally applied optical trigger.
Problem solved
The tool addresses the problem of preventing Cas9 activity before a desired activation time by sequestering crRNA with complementary photocleavable oligonucleotides on a nanoparticle surface. It thereby enables reversible pre-irradiation suppression and post-irradiation restoration of editing function.
Taxonomy & Function
Primary hierarchy
Mechanism Branch
Architecture: A delivery strategy grouped with the mechanism branch because it determines how a system is instantiated and deployed in context.
Mechanisms
light-triggered restoration of cas9 activityPhotocleavagereversible crrna sequestration by complementary oligonucleotide hybridizationTechniques
No technique tags yet.
Target processes
editingInput: Light
Implementation Constraints
The construct uses photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to crRNA, immobilized on carbon nanoparticles via a 3'-terminal pyrene residue. Reported practical optimization variables included blocking oligonucleotide length, linker number, irradiation time, and nanoparticle type, with carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles selected as the best-performing version.
The available evidence is limited to a single 2021 source and emphasizes relative before-versus-after irradiation performance rather than broad validation across targets or biological contexts. Activation requires 365 nm UV light, and the supplied evidence does not describe independent replication, in vivo validation, or delivery performance beyond the reported nanoCRISPR/Cas9 formulation.
Validation
Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication
Supporting Sources
Ranked Claims
The authors proposed a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system based on photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to crRNA.
Here, we proposed a new approach to engineering a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system. The novel nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system is based on the use of auxiliary photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides (PC-DNAs) complementary to crRNA.
The authors proposed a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system based on photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to crRNA.
Here, we proposed a new approach to engineering a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system. The novel nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system is based on the use of auxiliary photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides (PC-DNAs) complementary to crRNA.
The authors proposed a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system based on photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to crRNA.
Here, we proposed a new approach to engineering a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system. The novel nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system is based on the use of auxiliary photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides (PC-DNAs) complementary to crRNA.
The authors proposed a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system based on photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to crRNA.
Here, we proposed a new approach to engineering a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system. The novel nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system is based on the use of auxiliary photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides (PC-DNAs) complementary to crRNA.
The authors proposed a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system based on photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to crRNA.
Here, we proposed a new approach to engineering a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system. The novel nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system is based on the use of auxiliary photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides (PC-DNAs) complementary to crRNA.
The authors proposed a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system based on photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to crRNA.
Here, we proposed a new approach to engineering a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system. The novel nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system is based on the use of auxiliary photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides (PC-DNAs) complementary to crRNA.
The authors proposed a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system based on photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to crRNA.
Here, we proposed a new approach to engineering a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system. The novel nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system is based on the use of auxiliary photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides (PC-DNAs) complementary to crRNA.
Immobilizing photocleavable oligonucleotides on carbon nanoparticles blocks crRNA and corresponding Cas9 activity before UV irradiation, and UV irradiation at 365 nm releases crRNA and restores Cas9 activity.
Immobilizing PC-DNAs on the surface of carbon nanoparticles through 3'-terminal pyrene residue provided sufficient blocking of crRNA (and corresponding Cas9 activity) before UV irradiation and allows for crRNA release after UV irradiation at 365 nm, which restores Cas9 activity.
UV irradiation wavelength 365 nm
Immobilizing photocleavable oligonucleotides on carbon nanoparticles blocks crRNA and corresponding Cas9 activity before UV irradiation, and UV irradiation at 365 nm releases crRNA and restores Cas9 activity.
Immobilizing PC-DNAs on the surface of carbon nanoparticles through 3'-terminal pyrene residue provided sufficient blocking of crRNA (and corresponding Cas9 activity) before UV irradiation and allows for crRNA release after UV irradiation at 365 nm, which restores Cas9 activity.
UV irradiation wavelength 365 nm
Immobilizing photocleavable oligonucleotides on carbon nanoparticles blocks crRNA and corresponding Cas9 activity before UV irradiation, and UV irradiation at 365 nm releases crRNA and restores Cas9 activity.
Immobilizing PC-DNAs on the surface of carbon nanoparticles through 3'-terminal pyrene residue provided sufficient blocking of crRNA (and corresponding Cas9 activity) before UV irradiation and allows for crRNA release after UV irradiation at 365 nm, which restores Cas9 activity.
UV irradiation wavelength 365 nm
Immobilizing photocleavable oligonucleotides on carbon nanoparticles blocks crRNA and corresponding Cas9 activity before UV irradiation, and UV irradiation at 365 nm releases crRNA and restores Cas9 activity.
Immobilizing PC-DNAs on the surface of carbon nanoparticles through 3'-terminal pyrene residue provided sufficient blocking of crRNA (and corresponding Cas9 activity) before UV irradiation and allows for crRNA release after UV irradiation at 365 nm, which restores Cas9 activity.
UV irradiation wavelength 365 nm
Immobilizing photocleavable oligonucleotides on carbon nanoparticles blocks crRNA and corresponding Cas9 activity before UV irradiation, and UV irradiation at 365 nm releases crRNA and restores Cas9 activity.
Immobilizing PC-DNAs on the surface of carbon nanoparticles through 3'-terminal pyrene residue provided sufficient blocking of crRNA (and corresponding Cas9 activity) before UV irradiation and allows for crRNA release after UV irradiation at 365 nm, which restores Cas9 activity.
UV irradiation wavelength 365 nm
Immobilizing photocleavable oligonucleotides on carbon nanoparticles blocks crRNA and corresponding Cas9 activity before UV irradiation, and UV irradiation at 365 nm releases crRNA and restores Cas9 activity.
Immobilizing PC-DNAs on the surface of carbon nanoparticles through 3'-terminal pyrene residue provided sufficient blocking of crRNA (and corresponding Cas9 activity) before UV irradiation and allows for crRNA release after UV irradiation at 365 nm, which restores Cas9 activity.
UV irradiation wavelength 365 nm
Immobilizing photocleavable oligonucleotides on carbon nanoparticles blocks crRNA and corresponding Cas9 activity before UV irradiation, and UV irradiation at 365 nm releases crRNA and restores Cas9 activity.
Immobilizing PC-DNAs on the surface of carbon nanoparticles through 3'-terminal pyrene residue provided sufficient blocking of crRNA (and corresponding Cas9 activity) before UV irradiation and allows for crRNA release after UV irradiation at 365 nm, which restores Cas9 activity.
UV irradiation wavelength 365 nm
The authors optimized blocking oligonucleotide length, linker number, irradiation time, and carbon nanoparticle type, and identified the carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle version as the most promising because it gave the greatest before-versus-after irradiation functional activity difference.
We optimized the length of blocking photocleavable oligonucleotide, number of linkers, time of irradiation, and the type of carbon nanoparticles. Based on the results, we consider the nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system involving carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles the most promising. It provides the greatest difference of functional activity before/after irradiation
The authors optimized blocking oligonucleotide length, linker number, irradiation time, and carbon nanoparticle type, and identified the carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle version as the most promising because it gave the greatest before-versus-after irradiation functional activity difference.
We optimized the length of blocking photocleavable oligonucleotide, number of linkers, time of irradiation, and the type of carbon nanoparticles. Based on the results, we consider the nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system involving carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles the most promising. It provides the greatest difference of functional activity before/after irradiation
The authors optimized blocking oligonucleotide length, linker number, irradiation time, and carbon nanoparticle type, and identified the carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle version as the most promising because it gave the greatest before-versus-after irradiation functional activity difference.
We optimized the length of blocking photocleavable oligonucleotide, number of linkers, time of irradiation, and the type of carbon nanoparticles. Based on the results, we consider the nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system involving carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles the most promising. It provides the greatest difference of functional activity before/after irradiation
The authors optimized blocking oligonucleotide length, linker number, irradiation time, and carbon nanoparticle type, and identified the carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle version as the most promising because it gave the greatest before-versus-after irradiation functional activity difference.
We optimized the length of blocking photocleavable oligonucleotide, number of linkers, time of irradiation, and the type of carbon nanoparticles. Based on the results, we consider the nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system involving carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles the most promising. It provides the greatest difference of functional activity before/after irradiation
The authors optimized blocking oligonucleotide length, linker number, irradiation time, and carbon nanoparticle type, and identified the carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle version as the most promising because it gave the greatest before-versus-after irradiation functional activity difference.
We optimized the length of blocking photocleavable oligonucleotide, number of linkers, time of irradiation, and the type of carbon nanoparticles. Based on the results, we consider the nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system involving carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles the most promising. It provides the greatest difference of functional activity before/after irradiation
The authors optimized blocking oligonucleotide length, linker number, irradiation time, and carbon nanoparticle type, and identified the carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle version as the most promising because it gave the greatest before-versus-after irradiation functional activity difference.
We optimized the length of blocking photocleavable oligonucleotide, number of linkers, time of irradiation, and the type of carbon nanoparticles. Based on the results, we consider the nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system involving carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles the most promising. It provides the greatest difference of functional activity before/after irradiation
The authors optimized blocking oligonucleotide length, linker number, irradiation time, and carbon nanoparticle type, and identified the carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle version as the most promising because it gave the greatest before-versus-after irradiation functional activity difference.
We optimized the length of blocking photocleavable oligonucleotide, number of linkers, time of irradiation, and the type of carbon nanoparticles. Based on the results, we consider the nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system involving carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles the most promising. It provides the greatest difference of functional activity before/after irradiation
The carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system could prospectively support magnetic field-controlled delivery and UV-induced spatiotemporal gene editing.
and can be used in prospective for magnetic field-controlled delivery of CRISPR system into the target cells or tissues and spatiotemporal gene editing induced by UV irradiation.
The carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system could prospectively support magnetic field-controlled delivery and UV-induced spatiotemporal gene editing.
and can be used in prospective for magnetic field-controlled delivery of CRISPR system into the target cells or tissues and spatiotemporal gene editing induced by UV irradiation.
The carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system could prospectively support magnetic field-controlled delivery and UV-induced spatiotemporal gene editing.
and can be used in prospective for magnetic field-controlled delivery of CRISPR system into the target cells or tissues and spatiotemporal gene editing induced by UV irradiation.
The carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system could prospectively support magnetic field-controlled delivery and UV-induced spatiotemporal gene editing.
and can be used in prospective for magnetic field-controlled delivery of CRISPR system into the target cells or tissues and spatiotemporal gene editing induced by UV irradiation.
The carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system could prospectively support magnetic field-controlled delivery and UV-induced spatiotemporal gene editing.
and can be used in prospective for magnetic field-controlled delivery of CRISPR system into the target cells or tissues and spatiotemporal gene editing induced by UV irradiation.
The carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system could prospectively support magnetic field-controlled delivery and UV-induced spatiotemporal gene editing.
and can be used in prospective for magnetic field-controlled delivery of CRISPR system into the target cells or tissues and spatiotemporal gene editing induced by UV irradiation.
The carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system could prospectively support magnetic field-controlled delivery and UV-induced spatiotemporal gene editing.
and can be used in prospective for magnetic field-controlled delivery of CRISPR system into the target cells or tissues and spatiotemporal gene editing induced by UV irradiation.
Approval Evidence
1 source3 linked approval claimsfirst-pass slug carbon-nanoparticles
Immobilizing PC-DNAs on the surface of carbon nanoparticles through 3'-terminal pyrene residue provided sufficient blocking of crRNA... Based on the results, we consider the nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system involving carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles the most promising.
Source:
mechanism of controlsupports
Immobilizing photocleavable oligonucleotides on carbon nanoparticles blocks crRNA and corresponding Cas9 activity before UV irradiation, and UV irradiation at 365 nm releases crRNA and restores Cas9 activity.
Immobilizing PC-DNAs on the surface of carbon nanoparticles through 3'-terminal pyrene residue provided sufficient blocking of crRNA (and corresponding Cas9 activity) before UV irradiation and allows for crRNA release after UV irradiation at 365 nm, which restores Cas9 activity.
Source:
optimization resultsupports
The authors optimized blocking oligonucleotide length, linker number, irradiation time, and carbon nanoparticle type, and identified the carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle version as the most promising because it gave the greatest before-versus-after irradiation functional activity difference.
We optimized the length of blocking photocleavable oligonucleotide, number of linkers, time of irradiation, and the type of carbon nanoparticles. Based on the results, we consider the nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system involving carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles the most promising. It provides the greatest difference of functional activity before/after irradiation
Source:
prospective applicationsupports
The carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticle nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system could prospectively support magnetic field-controlled delivery and UV-induced spatiotemporal gene editing.
and can be used in prospective for magnetic field-controlled delivery of CRISPR system into the target cells or tissues and spatiotemporal gene editing induced by UV irradiation.
Source:
Comparisons
Source-backed strengths
The reported system achieved sufficient blocking of crRNA when photocleavable DNAs were immobilized on carbon nanoparticles through a 3'-terminal pyrene residue. The authors also optimized blocking oligonucleotide length, linker number, irradiation time, and nanoparticle type, and identified carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles as the most promising formulation because they produced the largest functional difference before versus after irradiation.
Source:
Here, we proposed a new approach to engineering a photoactivatable CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system. The novel nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system is based on the use of auxiliary photocleavable oligodeoxyribonucleotides (PC-DNAs) complementary to crRNA.
Source:
We optimized the length of blocking photocleavable oligonucleotide, number of linkers, time of irradiation, and the type of carbon nanoparticles. Based on the results, we consider the nanoCRISPR/Cas9 system involving carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles the most promising. It provides the greatest difference of functional activity before/after irradiation
Ranked Citations
- 1.