Toolkit/eSpCas9

eSpCas9

Protein Domain·Research·Since 2017

Taxonomy: Mechanism Branch / Component. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.

Summary

eSpCas9 is an increased-fidelity Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 nuclease variant used in the optimization of CRISPR-Cas9 cleavage specificity. In comparative analyses of high-fidelity SpCas9 enzymes, eSpCas9 served as one of the variants whose mutations were combined to generate hybrid HeFSpCas9 nucleases.

Usefulness & Problems

Why this is useful

eSpCas9 is useful as a high-fidelity SpCas9 option in workflows that require improved cleavage specificity relative to standard CRISPR-Cas9 editing. The cited comparative study indicates that highest-specificity cleavage is achieved by matching each target sequence with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease rather than relying on a single universally best variant.

Source:

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease

Problem solved

eSpCas9 helps address the problem of optimizing CRISPR-Cas9 target cleavage specificity across different genomic targets. The source specifically supports that no single high-fidelity SpCas9 variant is generally superior across targets, motivating target-by-target nuclease selection.

Source:

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease

Problem links

Need conditional recombination or state switching

Derived

eSpCas9 is an increased-fidelity Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 nuclease variant discussed in the context of optimizing CRISPR-Cas9 cleavage specificity. In comparative analyses with other high-fidelity SpCas9 variants, it contributed mutations used to generate HeFSpCas9 hybrid variants.

Taxonomy & Function

Primary hierarchy

Mechanism Branch

Component: A low-level protein part used inside a larger architecture that realizes a mechanism.

Techniques

No technique tags yet.

Target processes

recombination

Implementation Constraints

cofactor dependency: cofactor requirement unknownencoding mode: genetically encodedimplementation constraint: context specific validationoperating role: actuatoroperating role: regulatorswitch architecture: cleavage

For increased-fidelity nucleases including eSpCas9, a matching 5' G extension is reported to be more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension. Beyond this guide-design consideration, the supplied evidence does not specify construct architecture, delivery modality, cofactor requirements, or expression system details.

The supplied evidence does not provide direct quantitative performance data for eSpCas9, such as on-target activity, off-target profiles, PAM constraints, or organism-specific validation. The cited study also concludes that no single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets, which limits claims of universal advantage.

Validation

Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication

Supporting Sources

Ranked Claims

Claim 1activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 2activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 3activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 4activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 5activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 6activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 7activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 8activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 9activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 10activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 11activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 12activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 13activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 14activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 15activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 16activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 17activity effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one
Claim 18application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 19application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 20application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 21application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 22application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 23application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 24application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 25application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 26application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 27application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 28application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 29application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 30application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 31application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 32application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 33application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 34application guidancesupports2017Source 1needs review

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease
Claim 35comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 36comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 37comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 38comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 39comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 40comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 41comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 42comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 43comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 44comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 45comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 46comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 47comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 48comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 49comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 50comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 51comparative conclusionsupports2017Source 1needs review

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity
Claim 52engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 53engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 54engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 55engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 56engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 57engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 58engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 59engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 60engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 61engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 62engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 63engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 64engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 65engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 66engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 67engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 68engineering resultsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1
Claim 69mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 70mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 71mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 72mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 73mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 74mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 75mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 76mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 77mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 78mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 79mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 80mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 81mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 82mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 83mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 84mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 85mechanistic effectsupports2017Source 1needs review

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s
Claim 86method frameworksupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper provides a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently lack a matching optimal nuclease and a simple means for identifying the optimal nuclease when accurate target-ranking prediction tools are absent.

We provide here a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently have no matching optimal nuclease, and offer a simple mean for identifying the optimal nuclease for targets in the absence of accurate target-ranking prediction tools
Claim 87method frameworksupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper provides a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently lack a matching optimal nuclease and a simple means for identifying the optimal nuclease when accurate target-ranking prediction tools are absent.

We provide here a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently have no matching optimal nuclease, and offer a simple mean for identifying the optimal nuclease for targets in the absence of accurate target-ranking prediction tools
Claim 88method frameworksupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper provides a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently lack a matching optimal nuclease and a simple means for identifying the optimal nuclease when accurate target-ranking prediction tools are absent.

We provide here a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently have no matching optimal nuclease, and offer a simple mean for identifying the optimal nuclease for targets in the absence of accurate target-ranking prediction tools
Claim 89method frameworksupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper provides a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently lack a matching optimal nuclease and a simple means for identifying the optimal nuclease when accurate target-ranking prediction tools are absent.

We provide here a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently have no matching optimal nuclease, and offer a simple mean for identifying the optimal nuclease for targets in the absence of accurate target-ranking prediction tools
Claim 90method frameworksupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper provides a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently lack a matching optimal nuclease and a simple means for identifying the optimal nuclease when accurate target-ranking prediction tools are absent.

We provide here a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently have no matching optimal nuclease, and offer a simple mean for identifying the optimal nuclease for targets in the absence of accurate target-ranking prediction tools
Claim 91method frameworksupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper provides a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently lack a matching optimal nuclease and a simple means for identifying the optimal nuclease when accurate target-ranking prediction tools are absent.

We provide here a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently have no matching optimal nuclease, and offer a simple mean for identifying the optimal nuclease for targets in the absence of accurate target-ranking prediction tools
Claim 92method frameworksupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper provides a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently lack a matching optimal nuclease and a simple means for identifying the optimal nuclease when accurate target-ranking prediction tools are absent.

We provide here a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently have no matching optimal nuclease, and offer a simple mean for identifying the optimal nuclease for targets in the absence of accurate target-ranking prediction tools
Claim 93method frameworksupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper provides a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently lack a matching optimal nuclease and a simple means for identifying the optimal nuclease when accurate target-ranking prediction tools are absent.

We provide here a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently have no matching optimal nuclease, and offer a simple mean for identifying the optimal nuclease for targets in the absence of accurate target-ranking prediction tools
Claim 94method frameworksupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper provides a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently lack a matching optimal nuclease and a simple means for identifying the optimal nuclease when accurate target-ranking prediction tools are absent.

We provide here a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently have no matching optimal nuclease, and offer a simple mean for identifying the optimal nuclease for targets in the absence of accurate target-ranking prediction tools
Claim 95method frameworksupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper provides a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently lack a matching optimal nuclease and a simple means for identifying the optimal nuclease when accurate target-ranking prediction tools are absent.

We provide here a framework for generating new nuclease variants for targets that currently have no matching optimal nuclease, and offer a simple mean for identifying the optimal nuclease for targets in the absence of accurate target-ranking prediction tools
Claim 96optimization goalsupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

Claim 97optimization goalsupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

Claim 98optimization goalsupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

Claim 99optimization goalsupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

Claim 100optimization goalsupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

Claim 101optimization goalsupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

Claim 102optimization goalsupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

Claim 103optimization goalsupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

Claim 104optimization goalsupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

Claim 105optimization goalsupports2017Source 1needs review

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

Claim 106specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 107specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 108specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 109specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 110specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 111specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 112specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 113specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 114specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 115specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 116specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 117specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 118specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 119specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 120specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 121specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 122specificity improvementsupports2017Source 1needs review

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity
Claim 123target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 124target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 125target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 126target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 127target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 128target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 129target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 130target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 131target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 132target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 133target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 134target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 135target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 136target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 137target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 138target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 139target dependencesupports2017Source 1needs review

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases
Claim 140usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 141usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 142usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 143usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 144usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 145usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 146usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 147usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 148usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 149usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 150usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 151usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 152usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 153usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 154usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 155usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers
Claim 156usage constraintsupports2017Source 1needs review

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers

Approval Evidence

1 source8 linked approval claimsfirst-pass slug espcas9
eSpCas9

Source:

activity effectsupports

For the increased-fidelity nucleases, a matching 5' G extension is more detrimental to activity than a mismatching 5' G extension.

a matching 5' G extension being more detrimental to their activities than a mismatching one

Source:

application guidancesupports

For highest-specificity cleavage, each target should be matched with an appropriate high-fidelity nuclease.

for highest specificity cleavage, each target needs to be matched with an appropriate high fidelity nuclease

Source:

comparative conclusionsupports

No single high-fidelity SpCas9 nuclease variant is generally superior in fidelity across targets.

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity

Source:

engineering resultsupports

HeFSpCas9 variants were generated by combining mutations from eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1.

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1

Source:

mechanistic effectsupports

Mutations in the increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants may reduce cleavage without reducing DNA binding.

the mutations in these variants may diminish the cleavage, but not the DNA-binding, of SpCas9s

Source:

specificity improvementsupports

HeFSpCas9 variants show substantially improved specificity for targets where eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity.

HeFSpCas9s exhibit substantially improved specificity specifically for those targets for which eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1 have higher off-target propensity

Source:

target dependencesupports

Targets can be ranked by cleavability and off-target effects as manifested by the increased-fidelity nucleases.

There is also a ranking among the targets by their cleavability and off-target effects manifested by the increased fidelity nucleases

Source:

usage constraintsupports

The three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers.

These three increased-fidelity nucleases can routinely be used only with perfectly matching 20 nucleotide-long spacers

Source:

Comparisons

Source-backed strengths

The available evidence places eSpCas9 within the class of increased-fidelity SpCas9 nucleases evaluated for specificity optimization. It was sufficiently well characterized to contribute mutations to HeFSpCas9 hybrid variants in comparative engineering studies.

Source:

No single nuclease variant shows generally superior fidelity

Source:

we generated new "Highly enhanced Fidelity" nuclease variants (HeFSpCas9s) containing mutations from both eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1

Source:

The paper concerns crossing enhanced and high fidelity SpCas9 nucleases to optimize specificity and cleavage.

eSpCas9 and LHCII N-terminal domain address a similar problem space because they share recombination.

Shared frame: same top-level item type; shared target processes: recombination; shared mechanisms: photocleavage

Strengths here: looks easier to implement in practice.

eSpCas9 and light-harvesting complex II address a similar problem space because they share recombination.

Shared frame: same top-level item type; shared target processes: recombination; shared mechanisms: photocleavage

Relative tradeoffs: appears more independently replicated.

Compared with SpCas9

eSpCas9 and SpCas9 address a similar problem space because they share recombination.

Shared frame: same top-level item type; shared target processes: recombination; shared mechanisms: dna binding, dna_binding, photocleavage

Relative tradeoffs: appears more independently replicated; looks easier to implement in practice.

Ranked Citations

  1. 1.
    StructuralSource 1Genome biology2017Claim 17Claim 2Claim 17

    Extracted from this source document.