Source 1review2019Biochemistry (Moscow)
Toolkit/rhodopsin
rhodopsin
Taxonomy: Mechanism Branch / Component. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.
Summary
The review discusses the prospects of using rhodopsin as an optogenetic tool for prosthetics of degenerative (blind) eye retina.
Usefulness & Problems
No literature-backed usefulness or problem-fit explainer has been materialized for this record yet.
Published Workflows
Objective: Design an optogenetic prosthetic strategy for degenerative retina by matching rhodopsin actuator properties and delivery components to surviving retinal cell types.
Why it works: The review abstract links therapeutic design to three coupled choices: which rhodopsin mechanism is needed, which surviving retinal cells can be treated, and which viruses and promoters can deliver and express the gene in those cells.
light-driven depolarization of neuronslight-driven hyperpolarization of neuronsoptogenetic actuator selectionviral gene deliverypromoter selection
Stages
- 1.Rhodopsin mechanism and actuator selection(library_design)
The abstract states that the review discusses what cells of the degenerative retina can be treated with what particular rhodopsins.
Selection: Choose retinal-containing proteins based on whether they depolarize or hyperpolarize neuronal membranes and on suitability for the retinal cells available in degenerative retina.
- 2.Target retinal cell-class matching(decision_gate)
The review explicitly frames the cell-type question as a central design problem for degenerative retina treatment.
Selection: Determine which cells of the degenerative retina can be treated with the selected rhodopsin.
- 3.Delivery vector and promoter selection(library_design)
The abstract explicitly states that viruses and promoters required for rhodopsin gene delivery are described.
Selection: Choose viruses and promoters required for rhodopsin gene delivery into degenerative retina cells.
Taxonomy & Function
Primary hierarchy
Mechanism Branch
Component: A low-level protein part used inside a larger architecture that realizes a mechanism.
Mechanisms
gpcr signalinglight-driven modulation of neuronal membrane potentialneuronal excitationneuronal inhibitionTechniques
Selection / EnrichmentTarget processes
selectionInput: Light
Validation
Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication
Observations
mixedMouseapplication demomouse
Inferred from claim claim5 during normalization. Rhodopsin has similar sensitivity to MW-opsin but slower light response and greater rundown, and it fails the reported tests. Derived from claim claim5. Quoted text: By contrast, rhodopsin, which is similar in sensitivity but slower in light response and has greater rundown, fails these tests.
Source:
Supporting Sources
Source 2primary paper2019Nature Communications
Ranked Claims
MW-opsin enables an otherwise blind retinitis pigmentosa mouse to discriminate temporal and spatial light patterns displayed on a standard LCD computer tablet.
MW-opsin enables an otherwise blind retinitis pigmenotosa mouse to discriminate temporal and spatial light patterns displayed on a standard LCD computer tablet
MW-opsin restores open-field novel object exploration under incidental room light.
restores open-field novel object exploration under incidental room light
Rhodopsin has similar sensitivity to MW-opsin but slower light response and greater rundown, and it fails the reported tests.
By contrast, rhodopsin, which is similar in sensitivity but slower in light response and has greater rundown, fails these tests.
Viral vectors and promoters are required components for rhodopsin gene delivery into degenerative retina cells.
Selection of particular rhodopsins for degenerative retina treatment depends on which retinal cell types can be targeted.
MW-opsin displays adaptation to changes in ambient light.
displays adaption to changes in ambient light
Retinal-containing proteins described in the review can depolarize or hyperpolarize neuronal plasma membranes and thereby excite or inhibit physiological neuronal activity.
MW-opsin overcomes prior optogenetic vision restoration limitations of low light sensitivity or slow kinetics and supports vision in dim light.
We find that the vertebrate medium wavelength cone opsin (MW-opsin) overcomes these limitations and supports vision in dim light.
Rhodopsin is discussed as an optogenetic tool for prosthetic treatment of degenerative retina.
MW-opsin provides the speed, sensitivity and adaptation needed to restore patterned vision.
Thus, MW-opsin provides the speed, sensitivity and adaptation needed to restore patterned vision.
Approval Evidence
2 sources5 linked approval claimsfirst-pass slug rhodopsin
The review discusses the prospects of using rhodopsin as an optogenetic tool for prosthetics of degenerative (blind) eye retina.
Source:
By contrast, rhodopsin, which is similar in sensitivity but slower in light response and has greater rundown, fails these tests.
Source:
comparative claimsupports
Rhodopsin has similar sensitivity to MW-opsin but slower light response and greater rundown, and it fails the reported tests.
By contrast, rhodopsin, which is similar in sensitivity but slower in light response and has greater rundown, fails these tests.
Source:
delivery requirementsupports
Viral vectors and promoters are required components for rhodopsin gene delivery into degenerative retina cells.
Source:
design considerationsupports
Selection of particular rhodopsins for degenerative retina treatment depends on which retinal cell types can be targeted.
Source:
mechanism summarysupports
Retinal-containing proteins described in the review can depolarize or hyperpolarize neuronal plasma membranes and thereby excite or inhibit physiological neuronal activity.
Source:
review scope summarysupports
Rhodopsin is discussed as an optogenetic tool for prosthetic treatment of degenerative retina.
Source:
Comparisons
No literature-backed comparison notes have been materialized for this record yet.
Ranked Citations
- 1.
- 2.