Source 1review2022Journal of Economic Entomology
Toolkit/Vip3Aa
Vip3Aa
Taxonomy: Mechanism Branch / Component. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.
Summary
Vip3Aa is a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal protein discussed in the context of Bt corn and cotton targeting Spodoptera frugiperda. The supplied evidence establishes its relevance as one of the Bt proteins used against this pest, but does not describe domain architecture, molecular mechanism, or engineered variants.
Usefulness & Problems
Why this is useful
Vip3Aa is useful as part of Bt crop technology for control of Spodoptera frugiperda in corn and cotton. The cited review indicates that knowledge of resistance to Vip3Aa in the Americas is informative for successful worldwide deployment of Bt crops against this pest.
Source:
Experience and knowledge gained from these studies provide valuable information for the successful use of Bt crop technology for control of S. frugiperda worldwide.
Problem solved
Vip3Aa helps address the agricultural problem of controlling Spodoptera frugiperda with Bt transgenic crops. The evidence specifically frames the key challenge as resistance evolution to Bt proteins, including Vip3Aa, in field pest populations.
Source:
Experience and knowledge gained from these studies provide valuable information for the successful use of Bt crop technology for control of S. frugiperda worldwide.
Taxonomy & Function
Primary hierarchy
Mechanism Branch
Component: A low-level protein part used inside a larger architecture that realizes a mechanism.
Mechanisms
No mechanism tags yet.
Techniques
Directed EvolutionTarget processes
No target processes tagged yet.
Implementation Constraints
The evidence places Vip3Aa in Bt corn and cotton applications against Spodoptera frugiperda. It further notes that resistance outcomes for Bt proteins may depend on initial resistance allele frequency, Bt protein dose, cross-resistance, completeness of resistance, and fitness costs, but provides no construct design or expression details for Vip3Aa itself.
The supplied evidence does not report Vip3Aa molecular architecture, specific domains, receptor interactions, spectrum of activity, or quantitative efficacy. It also does not provide direct experimental validation details, engineering data, or independent replication specific to Vip3Aa beyond its inclusion in a resistance review.
Validation
Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication
Supporting Sources
Ranked Claims
Experience and knowledge from studies of Spodoptera frugiperda resistance in the Americas provide valuable information for successful worldwide use of Bt crop technology against this pest.
Experience and knowledge gained from these studies provide valuable information for the successful use of Bt crop technology for control of S. frugiperda worldwide.
Experience and knowledge from studies of Spodoptera frugiperda resistance in the Americas provide valuable information for successful worldwide use of Bt crop technology against this pest.
Experience and knowledge gained from these studies provide valuable information for the successful use of Bt crop technology for control of S. frugiperda worldwide.
Experience and knowledge from studies of Spodoptera frugiperda resistance in the Americas provide valuable information for successful worldwide use of Bt crop technology against this pest.
Experience and knowledge gained from these studies provide valuable information for the successful use of Bt crop technology for control of S. frugiperda worldwide.
Experience and knowledge from studies of Spodoptera frugiperda resistance in the Americas provide valuable information for successful worldwide use of Bt crop technology against this pest.
Experience and knowledge gained from these studies provide valuable information for the successful use of Bt crop technology for control of S. frugiperda worldwide.
Experience and knowledge from studies of Spodoptera frugiperda resistance in the Americas provide valuable information for successful worldwide use of Bt crop technology against this pest.
Experience and knowledge gained from these studies provide valuable information for the successful use of Bt crop technology for control of S. frugiperda worldwide.
Experience and knowledge from studies of Spodoptera frugiperda resistance in the Americas provide valuable information for successful worldwide use of Bt crop technology against this pest.
Experience and knowledge gained from these studies provide valuable information for the successful use of Bt crop technology for control of S. frugiperda worldwide.
Experience and knowledge from studies of Spodoptera frugiperda resistance in the Americas provide valuable information for successful worldwide use of Bt crop technology against this pest.
Experience and knowledge gained from these studies provide valuable information for the successful use of Bt crop technology for control of S. frugiperda worldwide.
The rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops may be affected by initial resistance allele frequency, Bt protein dose, cross-resistance, complete or incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
There are many factors that may affect the rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops, which include initial resistance allele frequency, the dose of Bt protein in Bt crops, cross-resistance, complete/incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
The rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops may be affected by initial resistance allele frequency, Bt protein dose, cross-resistance, complete or incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
There are many factors that may affect the rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops, which include initial resistance allele frequency, the dose of Bt protein in Bt crops, cross-resistance, complete/incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
The rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops may be affected by initial resistance allele frequency, Bt protein dose, cross-resistance, complete or incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
There are many factors that may affect the rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops, which include initial resistance allele frequency, the dose of Bt protein in Bt crops, cross-resistance, complete/incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
The rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops may be affected by initial resistance allele frequency, Bt protein dose, cross-resistance, complete or incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
There are many factors that may affect the rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops, which include initial resistance allele frequency, the dose of Bt protein in Bt crops, cross-resistance, complete/incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
The rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops may be affected by initial resistance allele frequency, Bt protein dose, cross-resistance, complete or incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
There are many factors that may affect the rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops, which include initial resistance allele frequency, the dose of Bt protein in Bt crops, cross-resistance, complete/incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
The rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops may be affected by initial resistance allele frequency, Bt protein dose, cross-resistance, complete or incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
There are many factors that may affect the rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops, which include initial resistance allele frequency, the dose of Bt protein in Bt crops, cross-resistance, complete/incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
The rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops may be affected by initial resistance allele frequency, Bt protein dose, cross-resistance, complete or incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
There are many factors that may affect the rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops, which include initial resistance allele frequency, the dose of Bt protein in Bt crops, cross-resistance, complete/incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
This review covers resistance allele frequencies in the field, genetic basis of resistance, patterns of cross-resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance for Spodoptera frugiperda against Cry1, Cry2, and Vip3Aa proteins.
Specifically, we discuss the resistance allele frequencies of S. frugiperda to these three proteins in the field, the genetic basis of resistance, the patterns of cross-resistance, and the fitness costs associated with resistance.
This review covers resistance allele frequencies in the field, genetic basis of resistance, patterns of cross-resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance for Spodoptera frugiperda against Cry1, Cry2, and Vip3Aa proteins.
Specifically, we discuss the resistance allele frequencies of S. frugiperda to these three proteins in the field, the genetic basis of resistance, the patterns of cross-resistance, and the fitness costs associated with resistance.
This review covers resistance allele frequencies in the field, genetic basis of resistance, patterns of cross-resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance for Spodoptera frugiperda against Cry1, Cry2, and Vip3Aa proteins.
Specifically, we discuss the resistance allele frequencies of S. frugiperda to these three proteins in the field, the genetic basis of resistance, the patterns of cross-resistance, and the fitness costs associated with resistance.
This review covers resistance allele frequencies in the field, genetic basis of resistance, patterns of cross-resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance for Spodoptera frugiperda against Cry1, Cry2, and Vip3Aa proteins.
Specifically, we discuss the resistance allele frequencies of S. frugiperda to these three proteins in the field, the genetic basis of resistance, the patterns of cross-resistance, and the fitness costs associated with resistance.
This review covers resistance allele frequencies in the field, genetic basis of resistance, patterns of cross-resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance for Spodoptera frugiperda against Cry1, Cry2, and Vip3Aa proteins.
Specifically, we discuss the resistance allele frequencies of S. frugiperda to these three proteins in the field, the genetic basis of resistance, the patterns of cross-resistance, and the fitness costs associated with resistance.
This review covers resistance allele frequencies in the field, genetic basis of resistance, patterns of cross-resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance for Spodoptera frugiperda against Cry1, Cry2, and Vip3Aa proteins.
Specifically, we discuss the resistance allele frequencies of S. frugiperda to these three proteins in the field, the genetic basis of resistance, the patterns of cross-resistance, and the fitness costs associated with resistance.
This review covers resistance allele frequencies in the field, genetic basis of resistance, patterns of cross-resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance for Spodoptera frugiperda against Cry1, Cry2, and Vip3Aa proteins.
Specifically, we discuss the resistance allele frequencies of S. frugiperda to these three proteins in the field, the genetic basis of resistance, the patterns of cross-resistance, and the fitness costs associated with resistance.
High dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding are the two main insect resistance management strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
Currently, the high dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding approaches are the two main IRM strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
High dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding are the two main insect resistance management strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
Currently, the high dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding approaches are the two main IRM strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
High dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding are the two main insect resistance management strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
Currently, the high dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding approaches are the two main IRM strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
High dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding are the two main insect resistance management strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
Currently, the high dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding approaches are the two main IRM strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
High dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding are the two main insect resistance management strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
Currently, the high dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding approaches are the two main IRM strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
High dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding are the two main insect resistance management strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
Currently, the high dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding approaches are the two main IRM strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
High dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding are the two main insect resistance management strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
Currently, the high dose/refuge and gene-pyramiding approaches are the two main IRM strategies used in the U.S. to combat evolution of insect resistance.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Approval Evidence
1 source4 linked approval claimsfirst-pass slug vip3aa
In this paper, we review research on resistance of S. frugiperda to Cry1, Cry2, and Vip3Aa proteins.
Source:
application implicationsupports
Experience and knowledge from studies of Spodoptera frugiperda resistance in the Americas provide valuable information for successful worldwide use of Bt crop technology against this pest.
Experience and knowledge gained from these studies provide valuable information for the successful use of Bt crop technology for control of S. frugiperda worldwide.
Source:
factor summarysupports
The rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops may be affected by initial resistance allele frequency, Bt protein dose, cross-resistance, complete or incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
There are many factors that may affect the rate of evolution of insect resistance to Bt crops, which include initial resistance allele frequency, the dose of Bt protein in Bt crops, cross-resistance, complete/incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.
Source:
review scope summarysupports
This review covers resistance allele frequencies in the field, genetic basis of resistance, patterns of cross-resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance for Spodoptera frugiperda against Cry1, Cry2, and Vip3Aa proteins.
Specifically, we discuss the resistance allele frequencies of S. frugiperda to these three proteins in the field, the genetic basis of resistance, the patterns of cross-resistance, and the fitness costs associated with resistance.
Source:
threat assessmentsupports
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt technology.
Source:
Comparisons
Source-backed strengths
The available evidence supports that Vip3Aa is sufficiently important to be reviewed alongside Cry1 and Cry2 proteins in the context of S. frugiperda management in Bt corn and cotton. The review also indicates that resistance knowledge for Vip3Aa has practical value for guiding broader global use of Bt crop technology.
Ranked Citations
- 1.