Source 1review2020Biophysical Reviews
Toolkit/Gt_CCR4
Gt_CCR4
Taxonomy: Mechanism Branch / Architecture. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.
Summary
Gt_CCR4 is a Guillardia theta-derived light-gated cation channel proposed as an optogenetic actuator. Reported evidence indicates that it has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2 while maintaining a channel open lifetime in the same range.
Usefulness & Problems
Why this is useful
Gt_CCR4 is useful as an optogenetic actuator where stronger responses to weak light are desired relative to Cr_ChR2. The supplied evidence also indicates a conductance profile described as more Na+-selective with little H+ or Ca2+ conductance under physiological conditions, which may be advantageous when ion selectivity matters.
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Gt_CCR4 is a light-gated cation channel discussed as an optogenetic actuator. The review highlights its high reactivity to weak light and compares its photocurrent, selectivity, and kinetics to Cr_ChR2.
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optogenetics
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activating neuronal excitability
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light-driven control under weak light conditions
Problem solved
Gt_CCR4 addresses the need for a light-gated cation channel with higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2 without an apparent penalty in channel open lifetime. The available evidence frames this as an effort to improve weak-light responsiveness in optogenetic activation.
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It addresses the need for a cation channel with higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2 while maintaining a similar channel open lifetime. It also offers a more Na+-selective conductance profile with little H+ or Ca2+ conductance under physiological conditions.
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provides a light-gated cation channel with higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2
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offers strong Na+ selectivity with minimal H+ and Ca2+ conductance under physiological conditions
Problem links
offers strong Na+ selectivity with minimal H+ and Ca2+ conductance under physiological conditions
LiteratureIt addresses the need for a cation channel with higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2 while maintaining a similar channel open lifetime. It also offers a more Na+-selective conductance profile with little H+ or Ca2+ conductance under physiological conditions.
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It addresses the need for a cation channel with higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2 while maintaining a similar channel open lifetime. It also offers a more Na+-selective conductance profile with little H+ or Ca2+ conductance under physiological conditions.
provides a light-gated cation channel with higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2
LiteratureIt addresses the need for a cation channel with higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2 while maintaining a similar channel open lifetime. It also offers a more Na+-selective conductance profile with little H+ or Ca2+ conductance under physiological conditions.
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It addresses the need for a cation channel with higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2 while maintaining a similar channel open lifetime. It also offers a more Na+-selective conductance profile with little H+ or Ca2+ conductance under physiological conditions.
Taxonomy & Function
Primary hierarchy
Mechanism Branch
Architecture: A reusable architecture pattern for arranging parts into an engineered system.
Techniques
Structural CharacterizationTarget processes
No target processes tagged yet.
Input: Light
Implementation Constraints
cofactor dependency: cofactor requirement unknownencoding mode: genetically encodedimplementation constraint: context specific validationimplementation constraint: spectral hardware requirementoperating role: actuator
Use of Gt_CCR4 requires optical illumination and an optogenetic expression context. The supplied evidence does not specify delivery method, chromophore requirements, construct architecture, or host system details.
The evidence provided is narrow and appears to derive from a single review-style source rather than multiple independent primary validations. The supplied material does not provide quantitative performance metrics, wavelength dependence, expression constraints, or in vivo validation details.
Validation
Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication
Supporting Sources
Ranked Claims
Gt_CCR4 has a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2.
Gt_CCR4 has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2.
Under physiological conditions, Gt_CCR4 conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+.
Under physiological conditions, Gt_CCR4 conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+.
Under physiological conditions, Gt_CCR4 conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+.
Under physiological conditions, Gt_CCR4 conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+.
Under physiological conditions, Gt_CCR4 conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+.
Under physiological conditions, Gt_CCR4 conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+.
Under physiological conditions, Gt_CCR4 conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+.
Under physiological conditions, Gt_CCR4 conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+.
Under physiological conditions, Gt_CCR4 conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+.
Gt_CCR4 shows high Na+ selectivity, with a Na+ selectivity ratio 37-fold larger than that of Cr_ChR2.
Na+ selectivity ratio increase versus Cr ChR2 37
Gt_CCR4 shows high Na+ selectivity, with a Na+ selectivity ratio 37-fold larger than that of Cr_ChR2.
Na+ selectivity ratio increase versus Cr ChR2 37
Gt_CCR4 shows high Na+ selectivity, with a Na+ selectivity ratio 37-fold larger than that of Cr_ChR2.
Na+ selectivity ratio increase versus Cr ChR2 37
Gt_CCR4 shows high Na+ selectivity, with a Na+ selectivity ratio 37-fold larger than that of Cr_ChR2.
Na+ selectivity ratio increase versus Cr ChR2 37
Gt_CCR4 shows high Na+ selectivity, with a Na+ selectivity ratio 37-fold larger than that of Cr_ChR2.
Na+ selectivity ratio increase versus Cr ChR2 37
Gt_CCR4 shows high Na+ selectivity, with a Na+ selectivity ratio 37-fold larger than that of Cr_ChR2.
Na+ selectivity ratio increase versus Cr ChR2 37
Gt_CCR4 shows high Na+ selectivity, with a Na+ selectivity ratio 37-fold larger than that of Cr_ChR2.
Na+ selectivity ratio increase versus Cr ChR2 37
Gt_CCR4 shows high Na+ selectivity, with a Na+ selectivity ratio 37-fold larger than that of Cr_ChR2.
Na+ selectivity ratio increase versus Cr ChR2 37
Gt_CCR4 shows high Na+ selectivity, with a Na+ selectivity ratio 37-fold larger than that of Cr_ChR2.
Na+ selectivity ratio increase versus Cr ChR2 37
Cryptophyte-type light-gated cation channels such as Gt_CCR family members are structurally and mechanistically distinct from chlorophyte channelrhodopsins such as Cr_ChR2.
Cryptophyte-type light-gated cation channels such as Gt_CCR family members are structurally and mechanistically distinct from chlorophyte channelrhodopsins such as Cr_ChR2.
Cryptophyte-type light-gated cation channels such as Gt_CCR family members are structurally and mechanistically distinct from chlorophyte channelrhodopsins such as Cr_ChR2.
Cryptophyte-type light-gated cation channels such as Gt_CCR family members are structurally and mechanistically distinct from chlorophyte channelrhodopsins such as Cr_ChR2.
Cryptophyte-type light-gated cation channels such as Gt_CCR family members are structurally and mechanistically distinct from chlorophyte channelrhodopsins such as Cr_ChR2.
Cryptophyte-type light-gated cation channels such as Gt_CCR family members are structurally and mechanistically distinct from chlorophyte channelrhodopsins such as Cr_ChR2.
Cryptophyte-type light-gated cation channels such as Gt_CCR family members are structurally and mechanistically distinct from chlorophyte channelrhodopsins such as Cr_ChR2.
Cryptophyte-type light-gated cation channels such as Gt_CCR family members are structurally and mechanistically distinct from chlorophyte channelrhodopsins such as Cr_ChR2.
Cryptophyte-type light-gated cation channels such as Gt_CCR family members are structurally and mechanistically distinct from chlorophyte channelrhodopsins such as Cr_ChR2.
Approval Evidence
1 source5 linked approval claimsfirst-pass slug gt-ccr4
Novel optogenetics tool: Gt_CCR4, a light-gated cation channel with high reactivity to weak light
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comparative propertysupports
Gt_CCR4 has a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2.
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comparative propertysupports
Gt_CCR4 has significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2.
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ion conductance profilesupports
Under physiological conditions, Gt_CCR4 conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+.
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ion selectivitysupports
Gt_CCR4 shows high Na+ selectivity, with a Na+ selectivity ratio 37-fold larger than that of Cr_ChR2.
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mechanistic distinctnesssupports
Cryptophyte-type light-gated cation channels such as Gt_CCR family members are structurally and mechanistically distinct from chlorophyte channelrhodopsins such as Cr_ChR2.
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Comparisons
Source-stated alternatives
Cr_ChR2 is the main contrasted alternative in the abstract. The review also mentions other Guillardia theta cation channelrhodopsins, Gt_CCR1-4, as related channels.
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Cr_ChR2 is the main contrasted alternative in the abstract. The review also mentions other Guillardia theta cation channelrhodopsins, Gt_CCR1-4, as related channels.
Source-backed strengths
The reported strengths are significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2 and a channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2. The extracted explainer also notes comparison of photocurrent, selectivity, and kinetics to Cr_ChR2, but quantitative values are not provided in the supplied evidence.
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significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2
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channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2
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37-fold larger Na+ selectivity ratio than Cr_ChR2
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conducts almost no H+ and no Ca2+ under physiological conditions
Compared with Cr_ChR2
Cr_ChR2 is the main contrasted alternative in the abstract. The review also mentions other Guillardia theta cation channelrhodopsins, Gt_CCR1-4, as related channels.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: significantly higher light sensitivity than Cr_ChR2; channel open lifetime in the same range as Cr_ChR2; 37-fold larger Na+ selectivity ratio than Cr_ChR2.
Relative tradeoffs: abstract does not specify performance in particular cell types, tissues, or in vivo settings.
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Cr_ChR2 is the main contrasted alternative in the abstract. The review also mentions other Guillardia theta cation channelrhodopsins, Gt_CCR1-4, as related channels.
Ranked Citations
- 1.