Source 1primary paper2020Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Toolkit/higher-energy collisional dissociation
higher-energy collisional dissociation
Also known as: HCD
Taxonomy: Technique Branch / Method. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.
Summary
Higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD) is a top-down mass spectrometry fragmentation method referenced in a study characterizing covalent insulin dimers. The supplied evidence identifies HCD by name, but does not describe its specific analytical role, performance, or outcomes in that study.
Usefulness & Problems
Why this is useful
HCD is presented as part of the top-down mass spectrometry context used to analyze covalent insulin dimers and cross-linking features. However, the provided evidence does not specify what HCD uniquely contributed relative to other fragmentation methods.
Source:
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Source:
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Source:
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
Problem solved
The broader study addressed residue-level characterization of cross-link types and sites in Fe2+-induced and UV light-induced covalent insulin dimers. The supplied evidence does not directly show how HCD itself solved this problem.
Taxonomy & Function
Primary hierarchy
Technique Branch
Method: A concrete measurement method used to characterize an engineered system.
Mechanisms
HeterodimerizationTechniques
Functional AssayTarget processes
No target processes tagged yet.
Implementation Constraints
cofactor dependency: cofactor requirement unknownencoding mode: genetically encodedimplementation constraint: context specific validationimplementation constraint: multi component delivery burdenoperating role: sensorswitch architecture: multi componentswitch architecture: recruitment
The source context is top-down mass spectrometry applied to covalent insulin dimers formed by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress. No HCD-specific implementation details, such as collision energy, precursor selection, charge-state requirements, or instrument platform, are provided in the supplied evidence.
Evidence for HCD is extremely limited to name-level mention without experimental details. There is no direct support here for fragmentation behavior, cross-link identification capability, instrument settings, or comparative performance against EThcD or 213 nm UVPD.
Validation
Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication
Supporting Sources
Ranked Claims
UVPD at MS2 provided cross-link site identification for the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer without MS3, but MS2 was not sufficient for cross-link site identification in the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD at MS2 provided cross-link site identification for the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer without MS3, but MS2 was not sufficient for cross-link site identification in the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD at MS2 provided cross-link site identification for the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer without MS3, but MS2 was not sufficient for cross-link site identification in the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD at MS2 provided cross-link site identification for the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer without MS3, but MS2 was not sufficient for cross-link site identification in the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD at MS2 provided cross-link site identification for the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer without MS3, but MS2 was not sufficient for cross-link site identification in the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD at MS2 provided cross-link site identification for the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer without MS3, but MS2 was not sufficient for cross-link site identification in the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD at MS2 provided cross-link site identification for the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer without MS3, but MS2 was not sufficient for cross-link site identification in the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD at MS2 provided cross-link site identification for the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer without MS3, but MS2 was not sufficient for cross-link site identification in the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD at MS2 provided cross-link site identification for the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer without MS3, but MS2 was not sufficient for cross-link site identification in the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD at MS2 provided cross-link site identification for the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer without MS3, but MS2 was not sufficient for cross-link site identification in the UV light-induced dimer.
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was implicated in the Fe2+-induced dimer cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 effectively fragmented the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was indicated in the cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 was effective in fragmenting the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was implicated in the Fe2+-induced dimer cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 effectively fragmented the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was indicated in the cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 was effective in fragmenting the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was implicated in the Fe2+-induced dimer cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 effectively fragmented the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was indicated in the cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 was effective in fragmenting the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was implicated in the Fe2+-induced dimer cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 effectively fragmented the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was indicated in the cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 was effective in fragmenting the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was implicated in the Fe2+-induced dimer cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 effectively fragmented the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was indicated in the cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 was effective in fragmenting the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was implicated in the Fe2+-induced dimer cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 effectively fragmented the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was indicated in the cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 was effective in fragmenting the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was implicated in the Fe2+-induced dimer cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 effectively fragmented the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was indicated in the cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 was effective in fragmenting the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was implicated in the Fe2+-induced dimer cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 effectively fragmented the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was indicated in the cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 was effective in fragmenting the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was implicated in the Fe2+-induced dimer cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 effectively fragmented the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was indicated in the cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 was effective in fragmenting the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was implicated in the Fe2+-induced dimer cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 effectively fragmented the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
The UV chromophoric side chain of Phe1 was indicated in the cross-link, explaining why UVPD-MS2 was effective in fragmenting the cross-link and nearby backbone bonds.
Combined EThcD and 213 nm UVPD facilitated identification of the chemical composition of cross-links in insulin dimers.
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Combined EThcD and 213 nm UVPD facilitated identification of the chemical composition of cross-links in insulin dimers.
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Combined EThcD and 213 nm UVPD facilitated identification of the chemical composition of cross-links in insulin dimers.
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Combined EThcD and 213 nm UVPD facilitated identification of the chemical composition of cross-links in insulin dimers.
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Combined EThcD and 213 nm UVPD facilitated identification of the chemical composition of cross-links in insulin dimers.
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Combined EThcD and 213 nm UVPD facilitated identification of the chemical composition of cross-links in insulin dimers.
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Combined EThcD and 213 nm UVPD facilitated identification of the chemical composition of cross-links in insulin dimers.
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Combined EThcD and 213 nm UVPD facilitated identification of the chemical composition of cross-links in insulin dimers.
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Combined EThcD and 213 nm UVPD facilitated identification of the chemical composition of cross-links in insulin dimers.
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Combined EThcD and 213 nm UVPD facilitated identification of the chemical composition of cross-links in insulin dimers.
The combined utilization of EThcD and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) facilitated identification of the chemical composition of the cross-links.
Residue-level identification of cross-link sites between chains was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Residue-level identification of cross-link sites between chains was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Residue-level identification of cross-link sites between chains was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Residue-level identification of cross-link sites between chains was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Residue-level identification of cross-link sites between chains was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Residue-level identification of cross-link sites between chains was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Residue-level identification of cross-link sites between chains was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Residue-level identification of cross-link sites between chains was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Residue-level identification of cross-link sites between chains was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Residue-level identification of cross-link sites between chains was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Identification of cross-link sites between chains at residue level was achievable for both dimers with MS3 analysis of MS2 fragments cleaved at the cross-link or additionally the interchain disulfide bonds.
Top-down mass spectrometry workflows can identify cross-link types and sites in covalent insulin dimers induced by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress.
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
Top-down mass spectrometry workflows can identify cross-link types and sites in covalent insulin dimers induced by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress.
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
Top-down mass spectrometry workflows can identify cross-link types and sites in covalent insulin dimers induced by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress.
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
Top-down mass spectrometry workflows can identify cross-link types and sites in covalent insulin dimers induced by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress.
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
Top-down mass spectrometry workflows can identify cross-link types and sites in covalent insulin dimers induced by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress.
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
Top-down mass spectrometry workflows can identify cross-link types and sites in covalent insulin dimers induced by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress.
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
Top-down mass spectrometry workflows can identify cross-link types and sites in covalent insulin dimers induced by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress.
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
Top-down mass spectrometry workflows can identify cross-link types and sites in covalent insulin dimers induced by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress.
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
Top-down mass spectrometry workflows can identify cross-link types and sites in covalent insulin dimers induced by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress.
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
Top-down mass spectrometry workflows can identify cross-link types and sites in covalent insulin dimers induced by Fe2+ incubation or UV light stress.
we here demonstrate on two case studies of covalent insulin dimers, induced by Fe2+ incubation or ultraviolet (UV) light stress, that de novo characterization in top-down mass spectrometry (MS) workflows can identify cross-link types and sites
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
At the MS2 level, EThcD efficiently cleaved interchain disulfide bonds in insulin dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
On the MS2 level, electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) efficiently cleaved the interchain disulfide bonds in the dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
At the MS2 level, EThcD efficiently cleaved interchain disulfide bonds in insulin dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
On the MS2 level, electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) efficiently cleaved the interchain disulfide bonds in the dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
At the MS2 level, EThcD efficiently cleaved interchain disulfide bonds in insulin dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
On the MS2 level, electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) efficiently cleaved the interchain disulfide bonds in the dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
At the MS2 level, EThcD efficiently cleaved interchain disulfide bonds in insulin dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
On the MS2 level, electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) efficiently cleaved the interchain disulfide bonds in the dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
At the MS2 level, EThcD efficiently cleaved interchain disulfide bonds in insulin dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
On the MS2 level, electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) efficiently cleaved the interchain disulfide bonds in the dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
At the MS2 level, EThcD efficiently cleaved interchain disulfide bonds in insulin dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
On the MS2 level, electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) efficiently cleaved the interchain disulfide bonds in the dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
At the MS2 level, EThcD efficiently cleaved interchain disulfide bonds in insulin dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
On the MS2 level, electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) efficiently cleaved the interchain disulfide bonds in the dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
At the MS2 level, EThcD efficiently cleaved interchain disulfide bonds in insulin dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
On the MS2 level, electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) efficiently cleaved the interchain disulfide bonds in the dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
At the MS2 level, EThcD efficiently cleaved interchain disulfide bonds in insulin dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
On the MS2 level, electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) efficiently cleaved the interchain disulfide bonds in the dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
At the MS2 level, EThcD efficiently cleaved interchain disulfide bonds in insulin dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
On the MS2 level, electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) efficiently cleaved the interchain disulfide bonds in the dimers to reveal cross-link connectivities between chains.
In the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2- linkage.
In the Fe2+-induced dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2-.
In the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2- linkage.
In the Fe2+-induced dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2-.
In the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2- linkage.
In the Fe2+-induced dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2-.
In the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2- linkage.
In the Fe2+-induced dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2-.
In the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2- linkage.
In the Fe2+-induced dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2-.
In the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2- linkage.
In the Fe2+-induced dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2-.
In the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2- linkage.
In the Fe2+-induced dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2-.
In the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2- linkage.
In the Fe2+-induced dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2-.
In the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2- linkage.
In the Fe2+-induced dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2-.
In the Fe2+-induced insulin dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2- linkage.
In the Fe2+-induced dimer, Phe1 from both B-chains were cross-linked through a -CH2-.
In the UV light-induced insulin dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain.
in the UV light-induced dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain
In the UV light-induced insulin dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain.
in the UV light-induced dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain
In the UV light-induced insulin dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain.
in the UV light-induced dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain
In the UV light-induced insulin dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain.
in the UV light-induced dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain
In the UV light-induced insulin dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain.
in the UV light-induced dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain
In the UV light-induced insulin dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain.
in the UV light-induced dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain
In the UV light-induced insulin dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain.
in the UV light-induced dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain
In the UV light-induced insulin dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain.
in the UV light-induced dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain
In the UV light-induced insulin dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain.
in the UV light-induced dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain
In the UV light-induced insulin dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain.
in the UV light-induced dimer, Tyr14 of the A-chain participated in an -O-S- cross-link in which the sulfur was derived either from Cys7 or Cys19 of the B-chain
Approval Evidence
1 source1 linked approval claimfirst-pass slug higher-energy-collisional-dissociation
higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD)
Source:
method conclusionsupports
HCD, EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Our results demonstrated that higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), EThcD, and UVPD combined with MS3 were powerful tools for direct de novo characterization of cross-linked insulin dimers.
Source:
Comparisons
Source-backed strengths
The only supported strength is that HCD was sufficiently relevant to be named among top-down mass spectrometry fragmentation methods in the insulin dimer characterization context. No direct evidence is provided for sensitivity, sequence coverage, cross-link localization performance, or compatibility with MS2 or MS3 workflows.
Source:
UVPD provided identification of cross-link sites in the Fe2+-induced dimer without MS3, while cross-link site identification with MS2 was not possible for the UV light-induced dimer.
Compared with electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation
higher-energy collisional dissociation and electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation address a similar problem space.
Shared frame: same top-level item type; shared mechanisms: heterodimerization
Strengths here: looks easier to implement in practice.
Compared with reverse cross-saturation NMR methodology
higher-energy collisional dissociation and reverse cross-saturation NMR methodology address a similar problem space.
Shared frame: same top-level item type; shared mechanisms: heterodimerization
Compared with top-down mass spectrometry
higher-energy collisional dissociation and top-down mass spectrometry address a similar problem space.
Shared frame: same top-level item type; shared mechanisms: heterodimerization
Strengths here: looks easier to implement in practice.
Ranked Citations
- 1.