Source 1primary paper2021
Toolkit/translational AND gates
translational AND gates
Taxonomy: Mechanism Branch / Architecture. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.
Summary
Translational AND gates are artificial mammalian gene circuit elements created by interconnecting Cas-mediated translational switches. They implement combinatorial logic at the level of mRNA translation using Cas proteins that repress or activate transcripts bearing Cas-binding RNA motifs in the 5'-UTR, and a set of 60 such AND gates was reported.
Usefulness & Problems
Why this is useful
These constructs expand synthetic gene circuit design in mammalian cells by enabling combinatorial control at the translational layer. The source states that Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with Cas-based transcriptional regulation, which can increase circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Source:
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
Problem solved
They address the problem of building more complex mammalian synthetic circuits without relying only on transcriptional control. Specifically, they provide AND-logic computation through programmable regulation of mRNA translation.
Problem links
Need tighter control over protein production
DerivedTranslational AND gates are artificial mammalian gene circuit elements built by interconnecting Cas-mediated translational switches. They implement combinatorial control at the level of mRNA translation and were reported as a set of 60 translational AND gates.
Taxonomy & Function
Primary hierarchy
Mechanism Branch
Architecture: A reusable architecture pattern for arranging parts into an engineered system.
Mechanisms
cas protein binding to 5'-utr rna motifscas protein binding to 5'-utr rna motifstranslational activationtranslational activationtranslational repressiontranslational repressiontranslation controltranslation controlTranslation ControlTechniques
Computational DesignTarget processes
translationImplementation Constraints
cofactor dependency: cofactor requirement unknownencoding mode: genetically encodedimplementation constraint: context specific validationoperating role: regulator
Implementation relies on mRNAs engineered with Cas-binding RNA motifs in the 5'-UTR and expression of the corresponding Cas proteins. The gates were built in a mammalian synthetic circuit context by interconnecting Cas-mediated translational switches, but the provided evidence does not specify construct architectures, delivery methods, or particular Cas orthologs used for the AND gates.
The supplied evidence does not provide quantitative performance metrics such as dynamic range, leak, response time, or cell-type generality for the AND gates. Independent replication and validation outside the cited study are not documented in the provided material.
Validation
Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication
Supporting Sources
Ranked Claims
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
translational and gates built 60 gates
Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases synthetic circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Our Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases the complexity of synthetic circuits with fewer elements.
Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases synthetic circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Our Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases the complexity of synthetic circuits with fewer elements.
Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases synthetic circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Our Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases the complexity of synthetic circuits with fewer elements.
Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases synthetic circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Our Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases the complexity of synthetic circuits with fewer elements.
Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases synthetic circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Our Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases the complexity of synthetic circuits with fewer elements.
Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases synthetic circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Our Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases the complexity of synthetic circuits with fewer elements.
Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases synthetic circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Our Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases the complexity of synthetic circuits with fewer elements.
Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases synthetic circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Our Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases the complexity of synthetic circuits with fewer elements.
Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases synthetic circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Our Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases the complexity of synthetic circuits with fewer elements.
Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases synthetic circuit complexity with fewer elements.
Our Cas-mediated translational regulation is compatible with transcriptional regulation by Cas proteins and increases the complexity of synthetic circuits with fewer elements.
A set of Cas proteins can repress or activate translation of mRNAs containing a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5'-UTR.
We demonstrate that a set of Cas proteins are able to repress (OFF) or activate (ON) the translation of mRNAs that contain a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5’-UTR.
A set of Cas proteins can repress or activate translation of mRNAs containing a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5'-UTR.
We demonstrate that a set of Cas proteins are able to repress (OFF) or activate (ON) the translation of mRNAs that contain a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5’-UTR.
A set of Cas proteins can repress or activate translation of mRNAs containing a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5'-UTR.
We demonstrate that a set of Cas proteins are able to repress (OFF) or activate (ON) the translation of mRNAs that contain a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5’-UTR.
A set of Cas proteins can repress or activate translation of mRNAs containing a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5'-UTR.
We demonstrate that a set of Cas proteins are able to repress (OFF) or activate (ON) the translation of mRNAs that contain a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5’-UTR.
A set of Cas proteins can repress or activate translation of mRNAs containing a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5'-UTR.
We demonstrate that a set of Cas proteins are able to repress (OFF) or activate (ON) the translation of mRNAs that contain a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5’-UTR.
A set of Cas proteins can repress or activate translation of mRNAs containing a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5'-UTR.
We demonstrate that a set of Cas proteins are able to repress (OFF) or activate (ON) the translation of mRNAs that contain a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5’-UTR.
A set of Cas proteins can repress or activate translation of mRNAs containing a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5'-UTR.
We demonstrate that a set of Cas proteins are able to repress (OFF) or activate (ON) the translation of mRNAs that contain a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5’-UTR.
A set of Cas proteins can repress or activate translation of mRNAs containing a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5'-UTR.
We demonstrate that a set of Cas proteins are able to repress (OFF) or activate (ON) the translation of mRNAs that contain a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5’-UTR.
A set of Cas proteins can repress or activate translation of mRNAs containing a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5'-UTR.
We demonstrate that a set of Cas proteins are able to repress (OFF) or activate (ON) the translation of mRNAs that contain a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5’-UTR.
A set of Cas proteins can repress or activate translation of mRNAs containing a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5'-UTR.
We demonstrate that a set of Cas proteins are able to repress (OFF) or activate (ON) the translation of mRNAs that contain a Cas-binding RNA motif in the 5’-UTR.
Various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Moreover, we show that various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Moreover, we show that various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Moreover, we show that various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Moreover, we show that various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Moreover, we show that various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Moreover, we show that various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Moreover, we show that various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Moreover, we show that various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Moreover, we show that various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
Moreover, we show that various CRISPR-related technologies, including anti-CRISPR and split-Cas9 platforms, can be repurposed to control translation.
CaRTRIDGE repurposes CRISPR-associated proteins as translational modulators.
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
CaRTRIDGE repurposes CRISPR-associated proteins as translational modulators.
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
CaRTRIDGE repurposes CRISPR-associated proteins as translational modulators.
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
CaRTRIDGE repurposes CRISPR-associated proteins as translational modulators.
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
CaRTRIDGE repurposes CRISPR-associated proteins as translational modulators.
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
CaRTRIDGE repurposes CRISPR-associated proteins as translational modulators.
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
CaRTRIDGE repurposes CRISPR-associated proteins as translational modulators.
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
CaRTRIDGE repurposes CRISPR-associated proteins as translational modulators.
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
CaRTRIDGE repurposes CRISPR-associated proteins as translational modulators.
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
CaRTRIDGE repurposes CRISPR-associated proteins as translational modulators.
Here we propose CaRTRIDGE (Cas-Responsive Translational Regulation Integratable into Diverse Genomic Engineering) to repurpose CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as translational modulators.
Approval Evidence
1 source1 linked approval claimfirst-pass slug translational-and-gates
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
Source:
circuit constructionsupports
Interconnecting the switches enabled construction of artificial circuits including 60 translational AND gates.
By interconnecting these switches, we designed and built artificial circuits, including 60 translational AND gates.
Source:
Comparisons
Source-backed strengths
The reported system supported construction of 60 translational AND gates, indicating substantial circuit-building capacity. The underlying switches can either repress or activate translation from mRNAs containing a Cas-binding motif in the 5'-UTR, providing flexible regulatory behavior.
Compared with blue-light-activated DNA template ON switch
translational AND gates and blue-light-activated DNA template ON switch address a similar problem space because they share translation.
Shared frame: same top-level item type; shared target processes: translation; shared mechanisms: translation_control
Strengths here: looks easier to implement in practice.
Compared with CaRTRIDGE
translational AND gates and CaRTRIDGE address a similar problem space because they share translation.
Shared frame: same top-level item type; shared target processes: translation; shared mechanisms: translation control, translation_control
Compared with photobiomodulation therapy
translational AND gates and photobiomodulation therapy address a similar problem space because they share translation.
Shared frame: same top-level item type; shared target processes: translation; shared mechanisms: translation_control
Strengths here: looks easier to implement in practice.
Ranked Citations
- 1.