Source 1primary paper2013IEEE photonics journal
Toolkit/two-photon microscopy
two-photon microscopy
Taxonomy: Technique Branch / Method. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.
Summary
We will focus on two outstanding studies of 2012 that took advantage of two-photon microscopy to increase the spatial resolution
Usefulness & Problems
Why this is useful
Two-photon microscopy is presented as an improved imaging technique that enabled in vivo dendritic research. In this review context, it supports investigation of dendritic spikes in behaving animals.; in vivo dendritic research; investigation of dendritic spike function in behaving animals; Two-photon microscopy is presented as an enabling technology for applying the reviewed optical tools in vitro and in vivo.; using optical tools in vitro and in vivo; optical interrogation of signaling in neural circuits; Two-photon microscopy is described as a nonlinear imaging approach used in highlighted 2012 studies to increase spatial resolution in neuronal activity investigation.; increasing spatial resolution in neuronal activity investigation; nonlinear laser imaging in neuroscience
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Two-photon microscopy is presented as an improved imaging technique that enabled in vivo dendritic research. In this review context, it supports investigation of dendritic spikes in behaving animals.
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in vivo dendritic research
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investigation of dendritic spike function in behaving animals
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Two-photon microscopy is presented as an enabling technology for applying the reviewed optical tools in vitro and in vivo.
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using optical tools in vitro and in vivo
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optical interrogation of signaling in neural circuits
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Two-photon microscopy is described as a nonlinear imaging approach used in highlighted 2012 studies to increase spatial resolution in neuronal activity investigation.
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increasing spatial resolution in neuronal activity investigation
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nonlinear laser imaging in neuroscience
Problem solved
It helps overcome the prior dependence on in vitro dendrite studies by enabling in vivo investigation. This supports studying the physiological relevance of dendritic spikes during sensory processing.; enables study of dendritic activity in vivo rather than relying mainly on in vitro studies; It supports optical deployment and observation of signaling tools in neural-circuit contexts.; providing an imaging modality to deploy and observe optical tools; It addresses the need for higher-spatial-resolution optical interrogation of neuronal circuitry and activity.; improves spatial resolution for investigating neuronal circuitry and activity
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It helps overcome the prior dependence on in vitro dendrite studies by enabling in vivo investigation. This supports studying the physiological relevance of dendritic spikes during sensory processing.
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enables study of dendritic activity in vivo rather than relying mainly on in vitro studies
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It supports optical deployment and observation of signaling tools in neural-circuit contexts.
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providing an imaging modality to deploy and observe optical tools
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It addresses the need for higher-spatial-resolution optical interrogation of neuronal circuitry and activity.
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improves spatial resolution for investigating neuronal circuitry and activity
Problem links
enables study of dendritic activity in vivo rather than relying mainly on in vitro studies
LiteratureIt helps overcome the prior dependence on in vitro dendrite studies by enabling in vivo investigation. This supports studying the physiological relevance of dendritic spikes during sensory processing.
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It helps overcome the prior dependence on in vitro dendrite studies by enabling in vivo investigation. This supports studying the physiological relevance of dendritic spikes during sensory processing.
improves spatial resolution for investigating neuronal circuitry and activity
LiteratureIt addresses the need for higher-spatial-resolution optical interrogation of neuronal circuitry and activity.
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It addresses the need for higher-spatial-resolution optical interrogation of neuronal circuitry and activity.
providing an imaging modality to deploy and observe optical tools
LiteratureIt supports optical deployment and observation of signaling tools in neural-circuit contexts.
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It supports optical deployment and observation of signaling tools in neural-circuit contexts.
Published Workflows
Objective: Investigate dendritic spike function in behaving animals and uncover causal relationships to sensory information processing and synaptic plasticity.
Why it works: The review states that newer in vivo techniques provide the means for breakthroughs by enabling direct investigation of dendritic spikes in behaving animals rather than relying mainly on in vitro studies.
dendritic spikessensory information processingsynaptic plasticitytwo-photon microscopygenetically encoded calcium indicatorsoptogenetic tools
Taxonomy & Function
Primary hierarchy
Technique Branch
Method: A concrete measurement method used to characterize an engineered system.
Techniques
Functional AssayTarget processes
recombinationInput: Light
Implementation Constraints
cofactor dependency: cofactor requirement unknownencoding mode: genetically encodedimplementation constraint: context specific validationimplementation constraint: payload burdenimplementation constraint: spectral hardware requirementoperating role: sensor
The abstract only supports that it is used as an in vivo research technique in behaving animals. Specific hardware, preparations, or assay details are not provided here.; used as part of in vivo dendritic research workflows in behaving animals; It requires specialized two-photon imaging hardware and optical access.; requires two-photon microscopy instrumentation
The abstract does not claim that two-photon microscopy alone resolves the physiological relevance of dendritic spikes. It is described as an enabling method rather than a complete solution.; The abstract does not specify which tool classes or preparations are most compatible with this modality.; the abstract does not specify depth, resolution, or compatibility limits for particular tools
Validation
Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication
Supporting Sources
Source 2review2017Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Source 3review2016Current Opinion in Pharmacology
Ranked Claims
These technologies enable investigation of dendritic spike function in behaving animals and help uncover causal relationships between dendritic spikes, sensory information processing, and synaptic plasticity.
These technologies enable the investigation of the functions of dendritic spikes in behaving animals, and thus, help uncover the causal relationship between dendritic spikes, and sensory information processing and synaptic plasticity.
Improved two-photon microscopy, genetically encoded calcium indicators, and optogenetic tools enabled vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research.
the emergence of novel techniques such as improved two-photon microscopy, genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs), and optogenetic tools has provided the means for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research
These optical techniques targeting specific members of the GPCR signaling pathway provide a broad base for investigating GPCR signaling in behavior and disease states and may support therapeutic development.
These emerging techniques targeting specific members of the GPCR signaling pathway offer an expansive base for investigating GPCR signaling in behavior and disease states, in addition to paving a path to potential therapeutic developments.
Optogenetics provides means to control cell signaling with spatiotemporal control in discrete cell types.
Optogenetics has revolutionized neuroscience by providing means to control cell signaling with spatiotemporal control in discrete cell types.
Cre-dependent viral vector expression and two-photon microscopy are highlighted as technologies to utilize these optical tools in vitro and in vivo.
we highlight technologies to utilize these tools in vitro and in vivo, including Cre dependent viral vector expression and two-photon microscopy
The review organizes optical manipulation of neuromodulatory GPCR signaling into four major tool classes: opsins including engineered chimeric receptors, photoactivatable proteins, photopharmacology using caged or photoswitchable molecules, and fluorescent protein-based reporters and biosensors.
we summarize four major classes of optical tools to manipulate neuromodulatory GPCR signaling: opsins (including engineered chimeric receptors); photoactivatable proteins; photopharmacology through caging-photoswitchable molecules; fluorescent protein based reporters and biosensors
Improved optogenetic tools can be combined with two-photon excitation to allow light stimulation of single cells in vivo.
Nonlinear optical imaging of neuron voltage can provide readout of electrical activity across microcircuits and map functionality of dendritic trees and synaptic compartments.
Two-photon microscopy increased spatial resolution in the highlighted 2012 neuroscience studies.
Combining nonlinear laser imaging with specific reporters allows reconstruction of neuronal circuitry by interrogating or recording from single neurons.
Approval Evidence
3 sources6 linked approval claimsfirst-pass slug two-photon-microscopy
the emergence of novel techniques such as improved two-photon microscopy
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we highlight technologies to utilize these tools in vitro and in vivo, including ... two-photon microscopy
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We will focus on two outstanding studies of 2012 that took advantage of two-photon microscopy to increase the spatial resolution
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capabilitysupports
These technologies enable investigation of dendritic spike function in behaving animals and help uncover causal relationships between dendritic spikes, sensory information processing, and synaptic plasticity.
These technologies enable the investigation of the functions of dendritic spikes in behaving animals, and thus, help uncover the causal relationship between dendritic spikes, and sensory information processing and synaptic plasticity.
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enabling technologysupports
Improved two-photon microscopy, genetically encoded calcium indicators, and optogenetic tools enabled vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research.
the emergence of novel techniques such as improved two-photon microscopy, genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs), and optogenetic tools has provided the means for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research
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deployment summarysupports
Cre-dependent viral vector expression and two-photon microscopy are highlighted as technologies to utilize these optical tools in vitro and in vivo.
we highlight technologies to utilize these tools in vitro and in vivo, including Cre dependent viral vector expression and two-photon microscopy
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capabilitysupports
Nonlinear optical imaging of neuron voltage can provide readout of electrical activity across microcircuits and map functionality of dendritic trees and synaptic compartments.
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performance propertysupports
Two-photon microscopy increased spatial resolution in the highlighted 2012 neuroscience studies.
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use casesupports
Combining nonlinear laser imaging with specific reporters allows reconstruction of neuronal circuitry by interrogating or recording from single neurons.
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Comparisons
Source-stated alternatives
The abstract groups it with genetically encoded calcium indicators and optogenetic tools as complementary enabling technologies.; No alternative imaging modality is explicitly named in the abstract.
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The abstract groups it with genetically encoded calcium indicators and optogenetic tools as complementary enabling technologies.
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No alternative imaging modality is explicitly named in the abstract.
Source-backed strengths
identified as an enabling technology for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research; highlighted as an enabling technology for in vitro and in vivo use; higher spatial resolution
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identified as an enabling technology for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research
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highlighted as an enabling technology for in vitro and in vivo use
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higher spatial resolution
Compared with calcium indicators
The abstract groups it with genetically encoded calcium indicators and optogenetic tools as complementary enabling technologies.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: identified as an enabling technology for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research; highlighted as an enabling technology for in vitro and in vivo use; higher spatial resolution.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not specify depth, resolution, or compatibility limits for particular tools.
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The abstract groups it with genetically encoded calcium indicators and optogenetic tools as complementary enabling technologies.
Compared with genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators
The abstract groups it with genetically encoded calcium indicators and optogenetic tools as complementary enabling technologies.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: identified as an enabling technology for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research; highlighted as an enabling technology for in vitro and in vivo use; higher spatial resolution.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not specify depth, resolution, or compatibility limits for particular tools.
Source:
The abstract groups it with genetically encoded calcium indicators and optogenetic tools as complementary enabling technologies.
Compared with genetically encoded calcium indicators
The abstract groups it with genetically encoded calcium indicators and optogenetic tools as complementary enabling technologies.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: identified as an enabling technology for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research; highlighted as an enabling technology for in vitro and in vivo use; higher spatial resolution.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not specify depth, resolution, or compatibility limits for particular tools.
Source:
The abstract groups it with genetically encoded calcium indicators and optogenetic tools as complementary enabling technologies.
Compared with imaging
No alternative imaging modality is explicitly named in the abstract.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: identified as an enabling technology for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research; highlighted as an enabling technology for in vitro and in vivo use; higher spatial resolution.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not specify depth, resolution, or compatibility limits for particular tools.
Source:
No alternative imaging modality is explicitly named in the abstract.
Compared with imaging surveillance
No alternative imaging modality is explicitly named in the abstract.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: identified as an enabling technology for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research; highlighted as an enabling technology for in vitro and in vivo use; higher spatial resolution.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not specify depth, resolution, or compatibility limits for particular tools.
Source:
No alternative imaging modality is explicitly named in the abstract.
Compared with optogenetic
The abstract groups it with genetically encoded calcium indicators and optogenetic tools as complementary enabling technologies.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: identified as an enabling technology for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research; highlighted as an enabling technology for in vitro and in vivo use; higher spatial resolution.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not specify depth, resolution, or compatibility limits for particular tools.
Source:
The abstract groups it with genetically encoded calcium indicators and optogenetic tools as complementary enabling technologies.
Ranked Citations
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