Source 1review2021Materials
Toolkit/optogenetic actuators
optogenetic actuators
Taxonomy: Mechanism Branch / Architecture. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.
Summary
the available toolbox (from mere actuators and reporters to novel multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools)
Usefulness & Problems
Why this is useful
Optogenetic actuators are presented as toolbox elements that let users stimulate mammalian cells with light. In the review they are part of the enabling layer for biosensing and diagnostics.; light stimulation of mammalian cells; optogenetic-enabled biosensor development; real-time cellular diagnostics; These tools use light-responsive genetically encoded components to manipulate signaling activities. The abstract presents them as the actuator half of an optical toolkit for signaling studies.; manipulating signaling activities; eliciting signaling events with optical control; Optogenetic actuators are the stimulation-side molecular tools in the all-optical framework described by the abstract. They enable optical modulation of neuronal activity.; optical modulation of neural circuits; enabling all-optical experiments when paired with optical readout
Source:
Optogenetic actuators are presented as toolbox elements that let users stimulate mammalian cells with light. In the review they are part of the enabling layer for biosensing and diagnostics.
Source:
light stimulation of mammalian cells
Source:
optogenetic-enabled biosensor development
Source:
real-time cellular diagnostics
Source:
These tools use light-responsive genetically encoded components to manipulate signaling activities. The abstract presents them as the actuator half of an optical toolkit for signaling studies.
Source:
manipulating signaling activities
Source:
eliciting signaling events with optical control
Source:
Optogenetic actuators are the stimulation-side molecular tools in the all-optical framework described by the abstract. They enable optical modulation of neuronal activity.
Source:
optical modulation of neural circuits
Source:
enabling all-optical experiments when paired with optical readout
Problem solved
They solve the need for controlled optical stimulation in cell-based biosensing platforms. This supports real-time interrogation of cellular responses.; provides light-responsive control elements for engineered-cell biosensing; They allow researchers to perturb signaling pathways with strong spatial and temporal control.; enables controlled perturbation of signaling with high spatiotemporal precision; They solve the need for optical perturbation of neural circuits within a combined stimulation-and-readout setup.; provides optical control of neuronal activity
Source:
They solve the need for controlled optical stimulation in cell-based biosensing platforms. This supports real-time interrogation of cellular responses.
Source:
provides light-responsive control elements for engineered-cell biosensing
Source:
They allow researchers to perturb signaling pathways with strong spatial and temporal control.
Source:
enables controlled perturbation of signaling with high spatiotemporal precision
Source:
They solve the need for optical perturbation of neural circuits within a combined stimulation-and-readout setup.
Source:
provides optical control of neuronal activity
Problem links
enables controlled perturbation of signaling with high spatiotemporal precision
LiteratureThey allow researchers to perturb signaling pathways with strong spatial and temporal control.
Source:
They allow researchers to perturb signaling pathways with strong spatial and temporal control.
provides light-responsive control elements for engineered-cell biosensing
LiteratureThey solve the need for controlled optical stimulation in cell-based biosensing platforms. This supports real-time interrogation of cellular responses.
Source:
They solve the need for controlled optical stimulation in cell-based biosensing platforms. This supports real-time interrogation of cellular responses.
provides optical control of neuronal activity
LiteratureThey solve the need for optical perturbation of neural circuits within a combined stimulation-and-readout setup.
Source:
They solve the need for optical perturbation of neural circuits within a combined stimulation-and-readout setup.
Published Workflows
Objective: Enable simultaneous optical readout and manipulation of activity in neural circuits with single-neuron and single-action-potential precision.
Why it works: The approach combines genetically encoded activity sensors, optogenetic actuators, and advanced microscopies so that the same neurons can be both read out and manipulated using light, provided the components are sensitive enough and sufficiently cross talk free.
optical detection of neural activityoptical control of neural activitycoexpression of sensors and actuators in the same neuronsgenetic encoding of activity sensorsoptogenetic actuationadvanced microscopysimultaneous optical targeting and recording
Objective: Implement optogenetic analysis of zebrafish neuronal circuits by combining genetically targeted expression of sensors or actuators with precise optical interrogation.
Why it works: The review abstract links successful zebrafish optogenetics to two enabling components: strong expression in defined neuronal populations and optical advances that provide precise spatiotemporal illumination.
optical monitoring of neuronal activityoptical control of neuronal activitygenetic targeting of transgene expressionoptical illumination control
Stages
- 1.Targeted transgene expression in defined neuronal populations(library_build)
The abstract identifies high-level expression in defined neuronal populations as a crucial technical aspect for implementing optogenetics in zebrafish.
Selection: Achieve a high level of transgene expression in defined neuronal populations.
- 2.Precise optical illumination of the sample(functional_characterization)
The abstract presents precise spatiotemporal illumination as a crucial implementation requirement for zebrafish optogenetics.
Selection: Use optical advances that allow precise spatiotemporal control of sample illumination.
Taxonomy & Function
Primary hierarchy
Mechanism Branch
Architecture: A reusable architecture pattern for arranging parts into an engineered system.
Techniques
No technique tags yet.
Target processes
diagnosticsignalingInput: Light
Implementation Constraints
cofactor dependency: cofactor requirement unknownencoding mode: genetically encodedimplementation constraint: context specific validationimplementation constraint: spectral hardware requirementoperating role: sensor
They require engineered cells and a light-delivery setup. The abstract does not specify exact actuator proteins or illumination hardware.; requires light delivery; requires engineered cells carrying optogenetic components; They require expression of the encoded actuator and optical stimulation to control activity.; requires genetic encoding/expression in cells; The abstract indicates that these actuators are used with advanced microscopy and often alongside calcium or voltage imaging probes.; must be combined with advanced microscopies; is used alongside imaging probes and other molecular tools in all-optical experiments
The abstract does not show that actuators alone provide sensing readout or standardization. They are only one part of a broader biosensing platform.; the abstract does not identify specific actuator families or performance tradeoffs; The abstract does not indicate which actuators are best for 3D use or how they compare on kinetics, spectra, or depth performance.; abstract does not specify which actuator classes or performance tradeoffs are preferred
Validation
Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication
Supporting Sources
Source 2review2018Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Source 3review2020Current Opinion in Cell Biology
Ranked Claims
Multimodal functional electro-optical label-free assays are presented as key elements for standardization of optogenetic-based biosensing.
The review focuses on engineered-cell sensing platforms, enabling biomaterials, and an optogenetic toolbox spanning actuators, reporters, and multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools for real-time cellular diagnostics and biosensor development.
Unified analytic platforms are described as improving standardization of optogenetic-based cell biosensors.
Genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors and optogenetic actuators form an extensive molecular toolkit for monitoring and manipulating signaling activities with high spatiotemporal precision.
The review covers basic concepts and recent advances in the development and application of genetically encodable biosensors and optogenetic tools for understanding signaling activity.
Fluorescent biosensors are used to monitor signaling activities.
Optogenetic actuators are used to manipulate signaling activities.
Optogenetic actuators, calcium or voltage imaging probes, and advanced microscopies together enable all-optical readout and modulation of neural circuits.
Optogenetic actuators, calcium or voltage imaging probes and other molecular tools, combined with advanced microscopies have allowed an "all-optical" readout and modulation of neural circuits.
Original optical methods have recently been proposed for both activating and monitoring neurons in 3D space, mainly through optogenetic compounds.
Recently, original optical methods have been proposed for both activating and monitoring neurons in a 3D space, mainly through optogenetic compounds.
Approval Evidence
3 sources6 linked approval claimsfirst-pass slug optogenetic-actuators
the available toolbox (from mere actuators and reporters to novel multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools)
Source:
researchers have developed an extensive molecular tool kit of ... optogenetic actuators capable of ... manipulating various signaling activities with high spatiotemporal precision
Source:
Optogenetic actuators, calcium or voltage imaging probes and other molecular tools, combined with advanced microscopies have allowed an "all-optical" readout and modulation of neural circuits.
Source:
review scopesupports
The review focuses on engineered-cell sensing platforms, enabling biomaterials, and an optogenetic toolbox spanning actuators, reporters, and multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools for real-time cellular diagnostics and biosensor development.
Source:
review scope summarysupports
Genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors and optogenetic actuators form an extensive molecular toolkit for monitoring and manipulating signaling activities with high spatiotemporal precision.
Source:
tool class coveragesupports
The review covers basic concepts and recent advances in the development and application of genetically encodable biosensors and optogenetic tools for understanding signaling activity.
Source:
tool functionsupports
Optogenetic actuators are used to manipulate signaling activities.
Source:
review scope statementsupports
Optogenetic actuators, calcium or voltage imaging probes, and advanced microscopies together enable all-optical readout and modulation of neural circuits.
Optogenetic actuators, calcium or voltage imaging probes and other molecular tools, combined with advanced microscopies have allowed an "all-optical" readout and modulation of neural circuits.
Source:
review scope statementsupports
Original optical methods have recently been proposed for both activating and monitoring neurons in 3D space, mainly through optogenetic compounds.
Recently, original optical methods have been proposed for both activating and monitoring neurons in a 3D space, mainly through optogenetic compounds.
Source:
Comparisons
Source-stated alternatives
The abstract groups actuators alongside reporters and multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools as neighboring toolbox categories.; The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.; The abstract does not name alternative actuator classes beyond the broad phrase optogenetic compounds.
Source:
The abstract groups actuators alongside reporters and multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools as neighboring toolbox categories.
Source:
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Source:
The abstract does not name alternative actuator classes beyond the broad phrase optogenetic compounds.
Source-backed strengths
enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light; high spatiotemporal precision; genetically encodable; supports modulation of neural circuits in all-optical setups
Source:
enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light
Source:
high spatiotemporal precision
Source:
genetically encodable
Source:
supports modulation of neural circuits in all-optical setups
Compared with biosensors
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light; high spatiotemporal precision; genetically encodable.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not identify specific actuator families or performance tradeoffs; abstract does not specify which actuator classes or performance tradeoffs are preferred.
Source:
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Compared with biosensors for active Rho detection
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light; high spatiotemporal precision; genetically encodable.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not identify specific actuator families or performance tradeoffs; abstract does not specify which actuator classes or performance tradeoffs are preferred.
Source:
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Compared with chemogenetic circuit manipulation
The abstract groups actuators alongside reporters and multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools as neighboring toolbox categories.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light; high spatiotemporal precision; genetically encodable.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not identify specific actuator families or performance tradeoffs; abstract does not specify which actuator classes or performance tradeoffs are preferred.
Source:
The abstract groups actuators alongside reporters and multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools as neighboring toolbox categories.
Compared with chemogenetics
The abstract groups actuators alongside reporters and multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools as neighboring toolbox categories.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light; high spatiotemporal precision; genetically encodable.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not identify specific actuator families or performance tradeoffs; abstract does not specify which actuator classes or performance tradeoffs are preferred.
Source:
The abstract groups actuators alongside reporters and multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools as neighboring toolbox categories.
Compared with fluorescent protein based reporters and biosensors
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light; high spatiotemporal precision; genetically encodable.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not identify specific actuator families or performance tradeoffs; abstract does not specify which actuator classes or performance tradeoffs are preferred.
Source:
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Compared with genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light; high spatiotemporal precision; genetically encodable.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not identify specific actuator families or performance tradeoffs; abstract does not specify which actuator classes or performance tradeoffs are preferred.
Source:
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Compared with genetically engineered biosensors
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light; high spatiotemporal precision; genetically encodable.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not identify specific actuator families or performance tradeoffs; abstract does not specify which actuator classes or performance tradeoffs are preferred.
Source:
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light; high spatiotemporal precision; genetically encodable.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not identify specific actuator families or performance tradeoffs; abstract does not specify which actuator classes or performance tradeoffs are preferred.
Source:
The review contrasts actuators with fluorescent biosensors, which monitor rather than manipulate signaling.
Compared with optogenetic
The abstract does not name alternative actuator classes beyond the broad phrase optogenetic compounds.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: enables stimulation of mammalian cells with light; high spatiotemporal precision; genetically encodable.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not identify specific actuator families or performance tradeoffs; abstract does not specify which actuator classes or performance tradeoffs are preferred.
Source:
The abstract does not name alternative actuator classes beyond the broad phrase optogenetic compounds.
Ranked Citations
- 1.
- 2.
- 3.