Source 1review2022Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry
Toolkit/stimulated emission depletion microscopy
stimulated emission depletion microscopy
Also known as: STED, STED microscopy
Taxonomy: Technique Branch / Method. Workflows sit above the mechanism and technique branches rather than replacing them.
Summary
Many draw inspiration from widely successful fluorescence-based techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM), and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM).
Usefulness & Problems
Why this is useful
STED microscopy is named as one of the super-resolution microscopy techniques whose basic principles are described in the review.; super-resolution fluorescence imaging; STED microscopy is cited as a widely successful fluorescence-based super-resolution technique that inspired label-free method development. It serves as a comparison point for the label-free field.; reference architecture for super-resolution method design; fluorescence-based super-resolution imaging; STED is presented as a super-resolution far-field optical microscopy technique that addresses diffraction-limited spatial resolution.; super-resolution far-field optical microscopy; improving spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit; The supplied enrichment materials identify STED as a principal super-resolution microscopy family relevant to nanoscale cellular imaging.
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STED microscopy is named as one of the super-resolution microscopy techniques whose basic principles are described in the review.
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super-resolution fluorescence imaging
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STED microscopy is cited as a widely successful fluorescence-based super-resolution technique that inspired label-free method development. It serves as a comparison point for the label-free field.
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reference architecture for super-resolution method design
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fluorescence-based super-resolution imaging
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STED is presented as a super-resolution far-field optical microscopy technique that addresses diffraction-limited spatial resolution.
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super-resolution far-field optical microscopy
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improving spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit
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The supplied enrichment materials identify STED as a principal super-resolution microscopy family relevant to nanoscale cellular imaging.
Problem solved
It is included as a method for nanoscale-resolution investigation of cellular structures using light.; supports investigation of cellular structures at nanoscale resolution using light; It breaks the optical diffraction limit to observe nanoscale features.; breaking the optical diffraction limit in fluorescence microscopy; It is used to overcome the limited spatial resolution of conventional far-field optical microscopy.; limited spatial resolution of far-field optical microscopy
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It is included as a method for nanoscale-resolution investigation of cellular structures using light.
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supports investigation of cellular structures at nanoscale resolution using light
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It breaks the optical diffraction limit to observe nanoscale features.
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breaking the optical diffraction limit in fluorescence microscopy
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It is used to overcome the limited spatial resolution of conventional far-field optical microscopy.
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limited spatial resolution of far-field optical microscopy
Problem links
breaking the optical diffraction limit in fluorescence microscopy
LiteratureIt breaks the optical diffraction limit to observe nanoscale features.
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It breaks the optical diffraction limit to observe nanoscale features.
limited spatial resolution of far-field optical microscopy
LiteratureIt is used to overcome the limited spatial resolution of conventional far-field optical microscopy.
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It is used to overcome the limited spatial resolution of conventional far-field optical microscopy.
supports investigation of cellular structures at nanoscale resolution using light
LiteratureIt is included as a method for nanoscale-resolution investigation of cellular structures using light.
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It is included as a method for nanoscale-resolution investigation of cellular structures using light.
Taxonomy & Function
Primary hierarchy
Technique Branch
Method: A concrete measurement method used to characterize an engineered system.
Techniques
Functional AssayTarget processes
localizationInput: Light
Implementation Constraints
cofactor dependency: cofactor requirement unknownencoding mode: genetically encodedimplementation constraint: context specific validationimplementation constraint: spectral hardware requirementoperating role: sensor
The provided text only supports that it is a super-resolution fluorescence microscopy technique; no further implementation details are given.; requires super-resolution fluorescence microscopy instrumentation; The abstract states that fluorescence super-resolution methods require samples to be fluorescently labeled.; fluorescent labeling is required
the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; It does not avoid labeling, which is the central problem motivating the reviewed label-free methods.; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; The anchor abstract does not state STED-specific strengths, weaknesses, or setup requirements.; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED
Validation
Cell-freeBacteriaMammalianMouseHumanTherapeuticIndep. Replication
Supporting Sources
Source 2review2023Annual Review of Biophysics
Source 3primary paper2015Journal of Physics D Applied Physics
Ranked Claims
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy enables investigation of cellular structures at nanoscale resolution using light.
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy allows the investigation of cellular structures at nanoscale resolution using light.
Current developments in super-resolution microscopy have focused on reliable quantification of the underlying biological data.
Current developments in super-resolution microscopy have focused on reliable quantification of the underlying biological data.
Advanced quantitative techniques covered by the review include structural modeling, single-particle tracking, and biosensing.
but also describe more advanced techniques such as structural modeling, single-particle tracking, and biosensing
Commonly used quantitative techniques covered by the review include spatial point pattern analysis, colocalization, and protein copy number quantification.
We cover commonly used techniques such as spatial point pattern analysis, colocalization, and protein copy number quantification
Methodological developments for quantifying super-resolution data are particularly geared toward SMLM data in this review.
we first describe the basic principles of super-resolution microscopy techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy and single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), and then give a broad overview of methodological developments to quantify super-resolution data, particularly those geared toward SMLM data
Super-resolution fluorescence methods can break the optical diffraction limit but require fluorescent labeling.
Many label-free super-resolution methods draw inspiration from fluorescence-based STED, PALM, and STORM.
Label-free super-resolution techniques include structured illumination, transient absorption, infrared absorption, and coherent Raman spectroscopies.
STED, GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM are super-resolution far-field optical microscopy techniques that address the limited spatial resolution of conventional far-field optical microscopy.
techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED), ground state depletion (GSD), reversible saturated optical (fluorescence) transitions (RESOLFT), photoactivation localization microscopy (PALM), stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), structured illumination microscopy (SIM) or saturated structured illumination microscopy (SSIM), all in one way or another addressing the problem of the limited spatial resolution of far-field optical microscopy
SIM achieves a two-fold improvement in spatial resolution compared to conventional optical microscopy.
While SIM achieves a two-fold improvement in spatial resolution compared to conventional optical microscopy
spatial resolution improvement two-fold
STED, RESOLFT, PALM/STORM, and SSIM have gone beyond SIM and pushed optical image resolution to the nanometer scale.
STED, RESOLFT, PALM/STORM, or SSIM have all gone beyond, pushing the limits of optical image resolution to the nanometer scale
image resolution scale nanometer scale
Approval Evidence
4 sources5 linked approval claimsfirst-pass slug stimulated-emission-depletion-microscopy
We first describe the basic principles of super-resolution microscopy techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy and single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM).
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Many draw inspiration from widely successful fluorescence-based techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM), and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM).
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super-resolution farfield optical microscopy (nanoscopy) techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED)
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The supplied web research summary identifies STED microscopy as a central super-resolution modality covered by reviews overlapping the anchor topic.
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capability summarysupports
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy enables investigation of cellular structures at nanoscale resolution using light.
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy allows the investigation of cellular structures at nanoscale resolution using light.
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capability summarysupports
Super-resolution fluorescence methods can break the optical diffraction limit but require fluorescent labeling.
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design inspirationsupports
Many label-free super-resolution methods draw inspiration from fluorescence-based STED, PALM, and STORM.
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capability statementsupports
STED, GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM are super-resolution far-field optical microscopy techniques that address the limited spatial resolution of conventional far-field optical microscopy.
techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED), ground state depletion (GSD), reversible saturated optical (fluorescence) transitions (RESOLFT), photoactivation localization microscopy (PALM), stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), structured illumination microscopy (SIM) or saturated structured illumination microscopy (SSIM), all in one way or another addressing the problem of the limited spatial resolution of far-field optical microscopy
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performance statementsupports
STED, RESOLFT, PALM/STORM, and SSIM have gone beyond SIM and pushed optical image resolution to the nanometer scale.
STED, RESOLFT, PALM/STORM, or SSIM have all gone beyond, pushing the limits of optical image resolution to the nanometer scale
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Comparisons
Source-stated alternatives
The abstract names SMLM as another super-resolution technique discussed alongside STED.; The review focuses on label-free alternatives including structured illumination, transient absorption, infrared absorption, and coherent Raman approaches.; The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
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The abstract names SMLM as another super-resolution technique discussed alongside STED.
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The review focuses on label-free alternatives including structured illumination, transient absorption, infrared absorption, and coherent Raman approaches.
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The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Source-backed strengths
presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM; reported to push image resolution to the nanometer scale
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presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique
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described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique
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reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM
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reported to push image resolution to the nanometer scale
Compared with infrared absorption super-resolution imaging
The review focuses on label-free alternatives including structured illumination, transient absorption, infrared absorption, and coherent Raman approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The review focuses on label-free alternatives including structured illumination, transient absorption, infrared absorption, and coherent Raman approaches.
Compared with multi-color single-molecule localization microscopy
The abstract names SMLM as another super-resolution technique discussed alongside STED.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract names SMLM as another super-resolution technique discussed alongside STED.
Compared with PALM
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with photoactivated localization microscopy
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with photo-activation localization microscopy
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with photoactivation localization microscopy
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with RESOLFT
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with reversible saturable optically linear transitions
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with saturated structured illumination microscopy
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with single molecule localization microscopy
The abstract names SMLM as another super-resolution technique discussed alongside STED.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract names SMLM as another super-resolution technique discussed alongside STED.
Compared with STED
The abstract names SMLM as another super-resolution technique discussed alongside STED.; The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract names SMLM as another super-resolution technique discussed alongside STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with STED microscopy
The abstract names SMLM as another super-resolution technique discussed alongside STED.; The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract names SMLM as another super-resolution technique discussed alongside STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with STORM
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The abstract contrasts STED with GSD, RESOLFT, PALM, STORM, SIM, and SSIM as other super-resolution approaches.
Compared with structured illumination
The review focuses on label-free alternatives including structured illumination, transient absorption, infrared absorption, and coherent Raman approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The review focuses on label-free alternatives including structured illumination, transient absorption, infrared absorption, and coherent Raman approaches.
Compared with transient absorption super-resolution imaging
The review focuses on label-free alternatives including structured illumination, transient absorption, infrared absorption, and coherent Raman approaches.
Shared frame: source-stated alternative in extracted literature
Strengths here: presented as a basic super-resolution microscopy technique; described as a widely successful fluorescence-based technique; reported to go beyond the two-fold resolution improvement of SIM.
Relative tradeoffs: the abstract does not provide quantitative-analysis-specific strengths or weaknesses relative to SMLM; requires samples to be fluorescently labeled; the anchor abstract does not explicitly name STED.
Source:
The review focuses on label-free alternatives including structured illumination, transient absorption, infrared absorption, and coherent Raman approaches.
Ranked Citations
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